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Dynamics of the silicon (111) surface phase transition

机译:硅(111)表面相变的动力学

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The manner in which phase transformations occur in solids determines important structural and physical properties of many materials. The main problem in characterizing the kinetic processes that occur during phase transformations is the difficulty of observing directly, in real time, the growth of one phase at the expense of another. Here we use low-energy electron microscopy to study the real-time kinetics of a phase transformation confined to the silicon (111) surface. We show that the transformation is governed by the rate at which material is exchanged between the first layer of the crystal and the surface. In bulk phase transformations, the dynamics are usually governed either by the rate of diffusion of material to the phase boundaries or by the structural rearrangement of atoms at the phase boundary. The kinetic process that we have identified here has no bulk analogue and leads to domain dynamics that are qualitatively different from those expected for bulk systems.
机译:固体中发生相变的方式决定了许多材料的重要结构和物理特性。表征相变过程中发生的动力学过程的主要问题是难以实时实时观察以牺牲另一相为代价的一个相的生长。在这里,我们使用低能电子显微镜研究局限于硅(111)表面的相变的实时动力学。我们表明,该转换受晶体第一层和表面之间材料交换的速率控制。在本体相变中,动力学通常由材料向相边界的扩散速率或由相边界处原子的结构重排控制。我们在此处确定的动力学过程没有大体类似物,并且导致了与大体系统所期望的定性不同的领域动力学。

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