首页> 外文期刊>Nature >Acceleration of quantum decay processes by frequent observations
【24h】

Acceleration of quantum decay processes by frequent observations

机译:通过频繁观察加速量子衰变过程

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           

摘要

In theory, the decay of any unstable quantum state can be inhibited by sufficiently frequent measurements—the quantum Zeno effect. Although this prediction has been tested only for transitions between two coupled, essentially stable states, the quantum Zeno effect is thought to be a general feature of quantum mechanics, applicable to radioactive or radiative decay processes. This generality arises from the assumption that, in principle, successive observations can be made at time intervals too short for the system to change appreciably. Here we show not only that the quantum Zeno effect is fundamentally unattainable in radiative or radioactive decay (because the required measurement rates would cause the system to disintegrate), but also that these processes may be accelerated by frequent measurements. We find that the modification of the decay process is determined by the energy spread incurred by the measurements (as a result of the time-energy uncertainty relation), and the distribution of states to which the decaying state is coupled. Whereas the inhibitory quantum Zeno effect may be feasible in a limited class of systems, the opposite effect—accelerated decay—appears to be much more ubiquitous.
机译:从理论上讲,可以通过足够频繁的测量(即量子芝诺效应)来抑制任何不稳定量子态的衰减。尽管仅针对两个耦合的基本稳定状态之间的跃迁测试了此预测,但量子芝诺效应被认为是量子力学的普遍特征,适用于放射性或辐射衰变过程。这种普遍性源自以下假设:原则上,可以在太短的时间间隔内进行连续观察,以至于系统无法明显改变。在这里,我们不仅表明量子芝诺效应在辐射或放射性衰变方面根本无法达到(因为所需的测量速率会导致系统解体),而且这些过程可能会通过频繁的测量而加速。我们发现,衰减过程的修改取决于测量引起的能量扩散(作为时间-能量不确定性关系的结果),以及衰减状态所耦合的状态的分布。尽管在有限的系统类别中抑制量子芝诺效应是可行的,但相反的效应(加速衰变)似乎更为普遍。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2000年第6786期|p.546-550|共5页
  • 作者

    A. G. Kofman; G. Kurizki;

  • 作者单位
  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱:kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备:11010802029741号 ICP备案号:京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有
  • 客服微信

  • 服务号