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Direct observation of the alignment of ferromagnetic spins by antiferromagnetic spins

机译：通过反铁磁自旋直接观察铁磁自旋的对准

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摘要

The arrangement of spins at interfaces in a layered magnetic material often has an important effect on the properties of the material. One example of this is the directional coupling between the spins in an antiferromagnet and those in, an adjacent ferro-magnet, an effect first discovered in 1956 and referred to as exchange bias. Because of its technological importance for the development of advanced devices such as magnetic read heads and magnetic memory cells, this phenomenon has received much attention. Despite extensive studies, however, exchange bias is still poorly understood, largely due to the lack of techniques capable of providing detailed information about the arrangement of magnetic moments near interfaces. Here we present polarization-dependent X-ray magnetic dichroism spectro-microscopy that reveals the micromagnetic structure on both sides of a ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic interface. Images of thin ferromagnetic Co films grown on antiferromagnetic LaFeO_3 show a direct link between the arrangement of spins in each material. Remanent hysteresis loops, recorded for individual ferromagnetic domains, show a local exchange bias. Our results imply that the alignment of the ferromagnetic spins is determined, domain by domain, by the spin directions in the underlying antiferromagnetic layer.
机译：自旋在层状磁性材料中的界面处的布置通常对材料的性能具有重要影响。一个例子是反铁磁体中的自旋与相邻铁磁体中的自旋之间的定向耦合，这种效应最早于1956年发现，被称为交换偏置。由于其对于开发先进的设备（如磁读取头和磁存储单元）的技术重要性，这种现象已引起了广泛的关注。然而，尽管进行了广泛的研究，但由于缺乏能够提供有关界面附近磁矩布置的详细信息的技术，人们对交流偏置的了解仍然很少。在这里，我们介绍了偏振相关的X射线二向色光谱学，揭示了铁磁-反铁磁界面两侧的微磁结构。在反铁磁LaFeO_3上生长的铁磁Co薄膜的图像显示了每种材料中自旋的排列之间的直接联系。针对单个铁磁畴记录的剩余磁滞回线显示出局部交换偏差。我们的结果表明，铁磁自旋的排列是由下层反铁磁层中的自旋方向逐域确定的。

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