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Shaped-pulse optimization of coherent emission of high-harmonic soft X-rays

机译：高谐波软X射线相干发射的整形脉冲优化

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When an intense laser pulse is focused into a gas, the light-atom interaction that occurs as atoms are ionized results in an extremely nonlinear optical process—the generation of high harmonics of the driving laser frequency. Harmonics that extend up to orders of about 300 have been reported, some corresponding to photon energies in excess of 500 eV. Because this technique is simple to implement and generates coherent, laser-like, soft X-ray beams, it is currently being developed for applications in science and technology; these include probing the dynamics in chemical and materials systems and imaging. Here we report that by carefully tailoring the shape of intense light pulses, we can control the interaction of light with an atom during ionization, improving the efficiency of X-ray generation by an order of magnitude. We demonstrate that it is possible to tune the spectral characteristics of the emitted radiation, and to steer the interaction between different orders of nonlinear processes.
机译：当强激光脉冲聚焦到气体中时，原子被离子化时发生的光原子相互作用会导致极其非线性的光学过程-驱动激光频率的高次谐波的产生。据报道，谐波可以扩展到约300个量级，其中一些对应于超过500 eV的光子能量。由于该技术易于实施，并且会产生相干的，类似激光的软X射线束，因此目前正在为科学和技术中的应用开发该技术。其中包括探测化学和材料系统以及成像的动力学。在这里，我们报告说，通过精心定制强光脉冲的形状，我们可以控制电离过程中光与原子的相互作用，从而将X射线生成的效率提高了一个数量级。我们证明，有可能调整发射辐射的光谱特性，并控制非线性过程的不同阶之间的相互作用。

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