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Water input into the Mariana subduction zone estimated from ocean-bottom seismic data

机译:根据海底地震数据估算的马里亚纳俯冲带的水输入量

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The water cycle at subduction zones remains poorly understood, although subduction is the only mechanism for water transport deep into Earth. Previous estimates of water flux(1-3) exhibit large variations in the amount of water that is subducted deeper than 100 kilometres. The main source of uncertainty in these calculations is the initial water content of the subducting uppermost mantle. Previous active-source seismic studies suggest that the subducting slab may be pervasively hydrated in the plate-bending region near the oceanic trench(4-7). However, these studies do not constrain the depth extent of hydration and most investigate young incoming plates, leaving subduction-zone water budgets for old subducting plates uncertain. Here we present seismic images of the crust and uppermost mantle around the central Mariana trench derived from Rayleigh-wave analysis of broadband ocean-bottom seismic data. These images show that the low mantle velocities that result from mantle hydration extend roughly 24 kilometres beneath the Moho discontinuity. Combined with estimates of subducting crustal water, these results indicate that at least 4.3 times more water subducts than previously calculated for this region(3). If other old, cold subducting slabs contain correspondingly thick layers of hydrous mantle, as suggested by the similarity of incoming plate faulting across old, cold subducting slabs, then estimates of the global water flux into the mantle at depths greater than 100 kilometres must be increased by a factor of about three compared to previous estimates(3). Because a long-term net influx of water to the deep interior of Earth is inconsistent with the geological record(8), estimates of water expelled at volcanic arcs and backarc basins probably also need to be revised upwards(9).
机译:尽管俯冲是水向地球深处输送的唯一机制,但对俯冲带水循环的了解仍然很少。先前对水通量的估算(1-3)显示,俯冲深度超过100公里的水量变化很大。这些计算中不确定性的主要来源是俯冲的最高地幔的初始含水量。以前的有源地震研究表明,俯冲板块可能在大洋海槽附近的板块弯曲区域普遍水合(4-7)。但是,这些研究并不限制水合深度,大多数研究是对新进入的板块进行调查,因此对于旧的俯冲板块,俯冲带水的预算是不确定的。在这里,我们根据宽带海底地震数据的瑞利波分析得出了马里亚纳中央海沟周围地壳和最上层地幔的地震图像。这些图像表明,由地幔水化作用引起的地幔低速在Moho不连续面下方延伸了大约24公里。结合俯冲地壳水的估计,这些结果表明,该区域的俯冲水量至少比以前计算的要高4.3倍(3)。如果其他旧的冷俯冲板包含相应厚的含水地幔层(如旧的冷俯冲板的输入板断层的相似性所暗示的那样),则必须增加对大于100公里深度的地幔总通量的估计相较于先前的估计(3),大约减少了三倍。由于长期的净水长期流入地球深处与地质记录不一致(8),因此可能还需要向上修正在火山弧和后弧盆地排出的水的估算值(9)。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2018年第7731期|389-392|共4页
  • 作者单位
  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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