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Hydraulic diversity of forests regulates ecosystem resilience during drought

机译：森林的水力多样性调节干旱期间的生态系统复原力

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摘要

Plants influence the atmosphere through fluxes of carbon, water and energy(1), and can intensify drought through land-atmosphere feedback effects(2-4). The diversity of plant functional traits in forests, especially physiological traits related to water (hydraulic) transport, may have a critical role in land-atmosphere feedback, particularly during drought. Here we combine 352 site-years of eddy covariance measurements from 40 forest sites, remote-sensing observations of plant water content and plant functional-trait data to test whether the diversity in plant traits affects the response of the ecosystem to drought. We find evidence that higher hydraulic diversity buffers variation in ecosystem flux during dry periods across temperate and boreal forests. Hydraulic traits were the predominant significant predictors of cross-site patterns in drought response. By contrast, standard leaf and wood traits, such as specific leaf area and wood density, had little explanatory power. Our results demonstrate that diversity in the hydraulic traits of trees mediates ecosystem resilience to drought and is likely to have an important role in future ecosystem-atmosphere feedback effects in a changing climate.
机译：植物通过碳，水和能量的通量影响大气（1），并通过土地-大气反馈效应（2-4）加剧干旱。森林中植物功能性状的多样性，尤其是与水（液压）传输有关的生理性状，在陆地-大气反馈中，尤其是在干旱期间，可能起着关键作用。在这里，我们结合了来自40个森林站点的352个站点年的涡度协方差测量，植物水分含量的遥感观测以及植物功能性状数据，以测试植物性状的多样性是否影响生态系统对干旱的响应。我们发现有证据表明，较高的水力多样性缓冲了整个温带和北方森林在干旱时期生态系统通量的变化。在干旱响应中，水力性状是跨站模式的主要重要预测因子。相比之下，标准的叶片和木材特性，例如特定的叶片面积和木材密度，几乎没有解释力。我们的结果表明，树木水力性状的多样性介导了生态系统对干旱的适应力，并可能在气候变化的未来生态系统-大气反馈效应中发挥重要作用。

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