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An X-ray chimney extending hundreds of parsecs above and below the Galactic Centre

机译：X射线烟囱在银河中心上方和下方延伸了数百秒差距

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Evidence has mounted in recent decades that outflows of matter and energy from the central few parsecs of our Galaxy have shaped the observed structure of the Milky Way on a variety of larger scales(1). On scales of 15 parsecs, the Galactic Centre has bipolar lobes that can be seen in both the X-ray and radio parts of the spectrum(2,3), indicating broadly collimated outflows from the centre, directed perpendicular to the Galactic plane. On larger scales, approaching the size of the Galaxy itself, gamma-ray observations have revealed the so-called 'Fermi bubble' features(4), implying that our Galactic Centre has had a period of active energy release leading to the production of relativistic particles that now populate huge cavities on both sides of the Galactic plane. The X-ray maps from the ROSAT all-sky survey show that the edges of these cavities close to the Galactic plane are bright in X-rays(4-6). At intermediate scales (about 150 parsecs), radio astronomers have observed the Galactic Centre lobe, an apparent bubble of emission seen only at positive Galactic latitudes(7,8), but again indicative of energy injection from near the Galactic Centre. Here we report prominent X-ray structures on these intermediate scales (hundreds of parsecs) above and below the plane, which appear to connect the Galactic Centre region to the Fermi bubbles. We propose that these structures, which we term the Galactic Centre 'chimneys', constitute exhaust channels through which energy and mass, injected by a quasi-continuous train of episodic events at the Galactic Centre, are transported from the central few parsecs to the base of the Fermi bubbles(4).
机译：近几十年来，越来越多的证据表明，来自银河系中央几秒差距的物质和能量的流出已在各种更大的尺度上塑造了银河系的观测结构（1）。在15秒差距的尺度上，银河系中心有双极波瓣，在频谱的X射线和射电部分都可以看到（2,3），这表明从中心大致垂直于银河系平面的准直流出。在更大的尺度上，伽马射线观测已经接近银河系本身的大小，揭示了所谓的“费米泡”特征（4），这意味着我们的银河系中心已经释放了一段活跃的能量，导致了相对论的产生。粒子现在在银河系飞机的两面都充满了巨大的空洞。 ROSAT全天候测量的X射线图显示，这些腔的边缘靠近银河平面在X射线中是明亮的（4-6）。在中等尺度（约150秒差距），射电天文学家观测到银河系中心波瓣，仅在正银河系纬度上才观察到明显的发射气泡（7,8），但又表明银河系中心附近有能量注入。在这里，我们报告了飞机上方和下方这些中间尺度（数百秒差距）的突出X射线结构，这些结构似乎将银河系中心区域连接到费米气泡。我们建议将这些结构（我们称为银河系中心的“烟囱”）构成排气通道，通过这些通道，由银河系中心的一系列准连续的突发事件注入的能量和质量从中央几分秒差距传送到基地费米气泡（4）。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2019年第7748期|347-350|共4页
  • 作者

    Ponti G.; Hofmann F.; Churazov E.; Morris M. R.; Haberl F.; Nandra K.; Terrier R.; Clavel M.; Goldwurm A.;

  • 作者单位

    Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Garching, Germany|INAF Osservatorio Astron Brera, Merate, Italy;

    Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Garching, Germany;

    Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Garching, Germany|Space Res Inst IKI, Moscow, Russia;

    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA USA;

    Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Garching, Germany;

    Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Garching, Germany;

    Unite Mixte Rech Astroparticule & Cosmol, Paris, France;

    Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France;

    Unite Mixte Rech Astroparticule & Cosmol, Paris, France|CEA Saclay, DRF, IRFU, Dept Astrophys DAp, Gif Sur Yvette, France;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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