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Single-neuron perturbations reveal feature-specific competition in V1

机译:单神经元摄动揭示了V1中特定于功能的竞争

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摘要

The computations performed by local neural populations, such as a cortical layer, are typically inferred from anatomical connectivity and observations of neural activity. Here we describe a method-influence mapping-that uses single-neuron perturbations to directly measure how cortical neurons reshape sensory representations. In layer 2/3 of the primary visual cortex (V1), we use two-photon optogenetics to trigger action potentials in a targeted neuron and calcium imaging to measure the effect on spiking in neighbouring neurons in awake mice viewing visual stimuli. Excitatory neurons on average suppressed other neurons and had a centre-surround influence profile over anatomical space. A neuron's influence on its neighbour depended on their similarity in activity. Notably, neurons suppressed activity in similarly tuned neurons more than in dissimilarly tuned neurons. In addition, photostimulation reduced the population response, specifically to the targeted neuron's preferred stimulus, by around 2%. Therefore, V1 layer 2/3 performed feature competition, in which a like-suppresses-like motif reduces redundancy in population activity and may assist with inference of the features that underlie sensory input. We anticipate that influence mapping can be extended to investigate computations in other neural populations.
机译:由局部神经种群(例如皮质层)执行的计算通常从解剖学连通性和对神经活动的观察中推论得出。在这里,我们描述了一种影响映射的方法,该方法使用单个神经元扰动直接测量皮质神经元如何重塑感觉表示。在主要视觉皮层(V1)的第2/3层中,我们使用双光子光遗传学触发目标神经元中的动作电位,并使用钙成像技术来测量对清醒小鼠中观察视觉刺激的邻近神经元的突增的影响。兴奋性神经元平均会抑制其他神经元,并且在解剖空间上具有中心环绕的影响。神经元对其邻居的影响取决于其活动的相似性。值得注意的是,神经元在相似调整的神经元中抑制活动的程度比非相似调整的神经元中的抑制作用更大。另外,光刺激使种群反应,特别是对目标神经元首选刺激的反应降低了约2%。因此,V1层2/3进行了特征竞争,其中类似抑制的基序减少了种群活动的冗余,并可能有助于推断作为感觉输入基础的特征。我们预计影响力映射可以扩展到调查其他神经种群中的计算。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2019年第7748期|334-340|共7页
  • 作者单位

    Harvard Med Sch, Dept Neurobiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA;

    Harvard Med Sch, Dept Neurobiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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