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The seventh inner moon of Neptune

机译:海王星的第七颗内卫星

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摘要

During its 1989 flyby, the Voyager 2 spacecraft imaged six small moons of Neptune, all with orbits well interior to that of the large, retrograde moon Triton(1). Along with a set of nearby rings, these moons are probably younger than Neptune itself; they formed shortly after the capture of Triton and most of them have probably been fragmented multiple times by cometary impacts(1-3). Here we report Hubble Space Telescope observations of a seventh inner moon, Hippocamp. It is smaller than the other six, with a mean radius of about 17 kilometres. We also observe Naiad, Neptune's innermost moon, which was last seen in 1989, and provide astrometry, orbit determinations and size estimates for all the inner moons, using an analysis technique that involves distorting consecutive images to compensate for each moon's orbital motion and that is potentially applicable to searches for other moons and exoplanets. Hippocamp orbits close to Proteus, the outermost and largest of these moons, and the orbital semimajor axes of the two moons differ by only ten per cent. Proteus has migrated outwards because of tidal interactions with Neptune. Our results suggest that Hippocamp is probably an ancient fragment of Proteus, providing further support for the hypothesis that the inner Neptune system has been shaped by numerous impacts.
机译:在1989年的飞行过程中,旅行者2号飞船拍摄了海王星的六个小卫星,所有这些卫星的轨道内部都位于大型逆行卫星特里顿(1)的内部。这些卫星与附近的一组环一起可能比海王星本身还年轻。它们是在捕获特里顿后不久形成的,其中大多数可能被彗星撞击多次破碎(1-3)。在这里,我们报告哈勃太空望远镜对第七颗内卫星海马营的观测。它比其他六个小,平均半径约17公里。我们还观察了海王星最里面的卫星Naiad(最后一次见于1989年),并使用分析技术对所有内部卫星进行了天体测量,轨道确定和大小估算,该技术涉及扭曲连续图像以补偿每个月球的轨道运动,这就是可能适用于搜索其他卫星和系外行星。海马营的轨道靠近Proteus,这是这些卫星中最外面和最大的一个,而且两个卫星的轨道半长轴相差仅10%。由于与海王星的潮汐相互作用,变形杆菌已向外迁移。我们的结果表明,海马可能是变形杆菌的古老片段,为内部海王星系统受多种影响塑造的假设提供了进一步的支持。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2019年第7744期|350-353|共4页
  • 作者单位

    SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA;

    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;

    NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA;

    SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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