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Observation of inverse Compton emission from a long γ-ray burst

机译:长时间γ射线猝发观察到康普顿逆发射

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Long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) originate from ultra-relativistic jets launched from the collapsing cores of dying massive stars. They are characterized by an initial phase of bright and highly variable radiation in the kiloelectron volt-to-mega electronvoltband, which is probably produced within the jet and lasts from milliseconds to minutes, known as the prompt emission(1,2). Subsequently, the interaction of the jet with the surrounding medium generates shock waves that are responsible for the afterglow emission, which lasts from days to months and occurs over a broad energy range from the radio to the gigaelectronvolt bands(1-6). The afterglow emission is generally well explained as synchrotron radiation emitted by electrons accelerated by the external shock(7-9). Recently, intense long-lasting emission between 0.2 and 1 teraelectronvolts was observed from GRB 190114C(10,11). Here we report multifrequency observations of GRB 190114C, and study the evolution in time of the GRB emission across 17 orders of magnitude in energy, from 5 x 10(-6) to 10(12) electronvolts. We find that the broadband spectral energy distribution is double-peaked, with the teraelectronvolt emission constituting a distinct spectral component with power comparable to the synchrotron component. This component is associated with the afterglow and is satisfactorily explained by inverse Compton up-scattering of synchrotron photons by high-energy electrons. We find that the conditions required to account for the observed teraelectronvolt component are typical for GRBs, supporting the possibility that inverse Compton emission is commonly produced in GRBs.
机译:长时间伽玛射线爆发(GRB)源自于垂死的大质量恒星坍缩核心发射的超相对论射流。它们的特征是在千电子伏特至兆电子伏特带中明亮且高度可变的辐射的初始阶段,该阶段很可能是在喷流内产生的,持续时间从毫秒到分钟不等,被称为即时发射(1,2)。随后,射流与周围介质的相互作用产生了引起余辉发射的冲击波,余辉持续数天至数月,并发生在从无线电到吉伏电子能带的广泛能量范围内(1-6)。余辉发射通常被很好地解释为由外部冲击加速的电子发射的同步加速器辐射(7-9)。最近,从GRB 190114C(10,11)观察到0.2到1太电子伏特之间的强烈持久发光。在这里,我们报告了GRB 190114C的多频观测结果,并研究了GRB发射在17个数量级的能量(从5 x 10(-6)到10(12)电子伏特)中的演变。我们发现宽带频谱能量分布是双峰的,太巴电子伏特发射构成了一个独特的频谱分量,其功率与同步加速器分量相当。该成分与余辉有关,并通过高能电子对同步加速器光子进行逆康普顿逆向上散射而得到令人满意的解释。我们发现,对于GRB来说,考虑到所观测到的兆伏特伏特分量所需的条件是典型的,这支持了GRB中通常产生逆Compton发射的可能性。

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