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Observation of branched flow of light

机译：观察分枝的光流量

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摘要

When waves propagate through a weak disordered potential with correlation length larger than the wavelength, they form channels (branches) of enhanced intensity that keep dividing as the waves propagate(1). This fundamental wave phenomenon is known as branched flow. It was first observed for electrons(1-6)and for microwave cavities(7,8), and it is generally expected for waves with vastly different wavelengths, for example, branched flow has been suggested as a focusing mechanism for ocean waves(9-11), and was suggested to occur also in sound waves(12)and ultrarelativistic electrons in graphene(13). Branched flow may act as a trigger for the formation of extreme nonlinear events(14-17)and as a channel through which energy is transmitted in a scattering medium(18). Here we present the experimental observation of the branched flow of light. We show that, as light propagates inside a thin soap membrane, smooth thickness variations in the film act as a correlated disordered potential, focusing the light into filaments that display the features of branched flow: scaling of the distance to the first branching point and the probability distribution of the intensity. We find that, counterintuitively, despite the random variations in the medium and the linear nature of the effect, the filaments remain collimated throughout their paths. Bringing branched flow to the field of optics, with its full arsenal of tools, opens the door to the investigation of a plethora of new ideas such as branched flow in nonlinear media, in curved space or in active systems with gain. Furthermore, the labile nature of soap films leads to a regime in which the branched flow of light interacts and affects the underlying disorder through radiation pressure and gradient force.Branched flow of light is experimentally observed inside a thin soap membrane, where smooth variations of the membrane thickness transform the light beam into branched filaments of enhanced intensity that keep dividing as the waves propagate.
机译：当波通过弱无序电位传播，具有比波长大的相关长度大，它们形成增强强度的通道（分支），随着波传播（1）。这种基波现象被称为分支流动。首先是针对电子（1-6）和微波腔（7,8）观察到的，通常预期具有众异波长的波浪，例如，已经提出了分支的流量作为海浪的聚焦机制（9 -11），并且建议在石墨烯（13）中的声波（12）和超微征性电子中发生。分支流可以用作形成极端非线性事件（14-17）的触发器，并且作为能量在散射介质（18）中传输能量的通道。在这里，我们介绍了分支的光流动的实验观察。我们表明，随着光在薄皂膜内传播，薄膜中的光滑厚度变化用作相关的无序电位，将光聚焦到显示分支流量的特征的细丝：与第一分支点的距离缩放到第一分支点和距离的缩放强度的概率分布。我们发现，违反介质中的随机变化以及效果的线性性质，灯丝在整个路径中保持准直。将分支流带到光学领域，凭借其完整的工具，打开大门，以调查诸如非线性介质中的分支流，曲线空间或具有增益的活性系统中的分支流。此外，肥皂膜的不稳定性质导致了光，光的分支流动相互作用，通过辐射压力和梯度力影响潜在的紊乱。在薄的肥皂膜内通过实验观察到的光流动，其中平滑变化膜厚度将光束变成增强强度的支化细丝，随着波传播的增加，将其延伸。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2020年第7814期|60-65|共6页
  • 作者

    Patsyk Anatoly; Sivan Uri; Segev Mordechai; Bandres Miguel A.;

  • 作者单位

    Technion Israel Inst Technol Dept Phys Haifa Israel|Technion Israel Inst Technol Inst Solid State Haifa Israel;

    Technion Israel Inst Technol Dept Phys Haifa Israel|Technion Israel Inst Technol Inst Solid State Haifa Israel|Technion Israel Inst Technol Russell Berrie Nanotechnol Inst Haifa Israel;

    Technion Israel Inst Technol Dept Phys Haifa Israel|Technion Israel Inst Technol Inst Solid State Haifa Israel|Technion Israel Inst Technol Russell Berrie Nanotechnol Inst Haifa Israel;

    Univ Cent Florida CREOL Coll Opt & Photon Orlando FL 32816 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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