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Hierarchically structured diamond composite with exceptional toughness

机译：具有特殊韧性的分层结构金刚石复合材料

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摘要

Abstract The well known trade-off between hardness and toughness (resistance to fracture) makes simultaneous improvement of both properties challenging, especially in diamond. The hardness of diamond can be increased through nanostructuring strategies1,2, among which the formation of high-density nanoscale twins — crystalline regions related by symmetry — also toughens diamond2. In materials other than diamond, there are several other promising approaches to enhancing toughness in addition to nanotwinning3, such as bio-inspired laminated composite toughening4–7, transformation toughening8 and dual-phase toughening9, but there has been little research into such approaches in diamond. Here we report the structural characterization of a diamond composite hierarchically assembled with coherently interfaced diamond polytypes (different stacking sequences), interwoven nanotwins and interlocked nanograins. The architecture of the composite enhances toughness more than nanotwinning alone, without sacrificing hardness. Single-edge notched beam tests yield a toughness up to five times that of synthetic diamond10, even greater than that of magnesium alloys. When fracture occurs, a crack propagates through diamond nanotwins of the 3C (cubic) polytype along {111} planes, via a zigzag path. As the crack encounters regions of non-3C polytypes, its propagation is diffused into sinuous fractures, with local transformation into 3C diamond near the fracture surfaces. Both processes dissipate strain energy, thereby enhancing toughness. This work could prove useful in making superhard materials and engineering ceramics. By using structural architecture with synergetic effects of hardening and toughening, the trade-off between hardness and toughness may eventually be surmounted.
机译：摘要众所周知的硬度和韧性之间的折衷（骨折抗性）同时改善了挑战性，特别是在钻石中的性质。通过纳米结构策略来增加金刚石的硬度1,2，其中通过对称性的高密度纳米级双胞胎晶体区域的形成 - 也是增强的金刚石2。除了钻石以外的材料中，除了纳米顿宁3之外，还有几种其他有希望的方法来增强韧性，例如生物启发层压复合复合韧性4-7，转化韧带和双相增韧9，但在钻石中几乎没有研究这种方法。在这里，我们报道了用连贯地连接的金刚石多晶硅（不同堆叠序列），交织纳米管和互锁的纳米丛中组合的金刚石复合层的结构表征。复合材料的结构比单独增强韧性超过纳米蛋白，而不会牺牲硬度。单边缘切口光束试验产生高达五倍的合成金刚石10的韧性，甚至大于镁合金的韧性。当发生裂缝时，裂缝通过Z字形路径通过沿{111}平面的3C（立方）Polytype的金刚石纳米电线传播。随着裂缝遇到非3C多型的区域，其传播被扩散到蜿蜒的裂缝中，局部变换到裂缝表面附近的3C金刚石。这两种方法都散发了应变能量，从而提高韧性。这项工作可以证明在制造超硬材料和工程陶瓷方面有用。通过使用具有硬化和增韧的协同作用的结构结构，硬度和韧性之间的折衷可能最终被超越。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2020年第7812期|370-374|共5页
  • 作者

    Yonghai Yue; Yufei Gao; Wentao Hu; Bo Xu; Jing Wang; Xuejiao Zhang; Qi Zhang; Yanbin Wang; Binghui Ge; Zhenyu Yang; Zihe Li; Pan Ying; Xiaoxiao Liu; Dongli Yu; Bin Wei; Zhongchang Wang; Xiang-Feng Zhou; Lin Guo; Yongjun Tian;

  • 作者单位

    Center for High Pressure Science State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan University Qinhuangdao China|School of Chemistry Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beihang University Beijing China;

    Center for High Pressure Science State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan University Qinhuangdao China;

    Center for High Pressure Science State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan University Qinhuangdao China;

    Center for High Pressure Science State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan University Qinhuangdao China;

    School of Chemistry Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beihang University Beijing China;

    School of Chemistry Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beihang University Beijing China;

    School of Chemistry Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beihang University Beijing China;

    Center for Advanced Radiation Sources University of Chicago Chicago IL USA;

    Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Hefei China;

    Institute of Solid Mechanics School of Aeronautics Sciences and Engineering Beihang University Beijing China;

    Center for High Pressure Science State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan University Qinhuangdao China;

    Center for High Pressure Science State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan University Qinhuangdao China;

    Center for High Pressure Science State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan University Qinhuangdao China;

    Center for High Pressure Science State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan University Qinhuangdao China;

    Department of Quantum and Energy Materials International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory Braga Portugal;

    Department of Quantum and Energy Materials International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory Braga Portugal;

    Center for High Pressure Science State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan University Qinhuangdao China;

    School of Chemistry Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beihang University Beijing China;

    Center for High Pressure Science State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan University Qinhuangdao China;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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