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Local exposure to inequality raises support of people of low wealth for taxing the wealthy

机译：当地暴露于不平等提高了对富裕的低财富人民的支持

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摘要

Psychological research shows that social comparison of individuals with peers or others shapes attitude formation(1,2). Opportunities for such comparisons have increased with global inequality(3,4); everyday experiences can make economic disparities more salient through signals of social class(5,6). Here we show that, among individuals with a lower socioeconomic status, such local exposure to inequality drives support for the redistribution of wealth. We designed a placebo-controlled field experiment conducted in South African neighbourhoods in which individuals with a low socioeconomic status encountered real-world reminders of inequality through the randomized presence of a high-status car. Pedestrians were asked to sign a petition to increase taxes on wealthy individuals to help with the redistribution of wealth. We found an increase of eleven percentage points in the probability of signing the petition in the presence of inequality, when taking into account the experimental placebo effect. The placebo effect suppresses the probability that an individual signs the petition in general, which is consistent with evidence that upward social comparison reduces political efficacy(4). Measures of economic inequality were constructed at the neighbourhood level and connected to a survey of individuals with a low socioeconomic status. We found that local exposure to inequality was positively associated with support for a tax on wealthy individuals to address economic disparities. Inequality seems to affect preferences for the redistribution of wealth through local exposure. However, our results indicate that inequality may also suppress participation; the political implications of our findings at regional or country-wide scales therefore remain uncertain.Local exposure to inequality in low-income areas is positively associated with support for a tax on wealthier individuals to address economic disparities.
机译：心理学研究表明，对同龄人或其他人的社会比较形状形成态度形成（1,2）。这种比较的机会增加了全球不平等（3,4）;日常经验可以通过社会阶层的信号（5,6）来使经济差异更加突出。在这里，我们表明，在具有较低的社会经济地位的个人中，这种局部暴露于不等式驱动者支持财富的再分配。我们设计了在南非社区进行的安慰剂控制的野外实验，其中具有低社会经济地位的个人通过高地位汽车随机存在而遇到了实际的不平等的现实提醒。要求行人签署一份请愿书以增加富裕人士税收，以帮助重新分配财富。在考虑到实验安慰剂效应时，我们发现在不等式存在下签署请愿书的概率增加11个百分点。安慰剂效应抑制了个人签署了一般征象的概率，这与证据表明向上的社会比较降低了政治疗效（4）。经济不平等措施在邻居级别建设，并与社会经济地位低的个人进行了调查。我们发现，局部暴露于不平等与支持富裕人税收以解决经济差异的税收。不平等似乎通过当地曝光来影响财富重新分配的偏好。但是，我们的结果表明，不平等也可能会抑制参与;因此，我们在区域或全国范围内的调查结果的政治影响仍然不确定。低收入领域的不平等暴露与富裕个人税收的支持积极有关，以解决经济差异。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2020年第7828期|257-261|共5页
  • 作者

    Sands Melissa L.; de Kadt Daniel;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Calif Merced Polit Sci Merced CA 95343 USA;

    Univ Calif Merced Polit Sci Merced CA 95343 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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