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Massive haplotypes underlie ecotypic differentiation in sunflowers

机译：巨大的单倍型在向日葵中提出了生态典型分化

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摘要

Species often include multiple ecotypes that are adapted to different environments(1). However, it is unclear how ecotypes arise and how their distinctive combinations of adaptive alleles are maintained despite hybridization with non-adapted populations(2-4). Here, by resequencing 1,506 wild sunflowers from 3 species (Helianthus annuus, Helianthus petiolaris and Helianthus argophyllus), we identify 37 large (1-100 Mbp in size), non-recombining haplotype blocks that are associated with numerous ecologically relevant traits, as well as soil and climate characteristics. Limited recombination in these haplotype blocks keeps adaptive alleles together, and these regions differentiate sunflower ecotypes. For example, haplotype blocks control a 77-day difference in flowering between ecotypes of the silverleaf sunflower H. argophyllus (probably through deletion of a homologue of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)), and are associated with seed size, flowering time and soil fertility in dune-adapted sunflowers. These haplotypes are highly divergent, frequently associated with structural variants and often appear to represent introgressions from other-possibly now-extinct-congeners. These results highlight a pervasive role of structural variation in ecotypic adaptation.
机译：物种通常包括多种适用于不同环境（1）的生态型。然而，目前尚不清楚生态型如何出现和自适应等位基因的独特组合，尽管与未适应的群体杂交（2-4）。在这里，通过从3种（Helianthus Annuus，Helianthus Petiolaris和Helianthlus）重新排列1,506野战队（Helianthus Annuus，Helianthus），我们鉴定37大（大小1-100 Mbp），非重组单倍型块以及与众不同的生态相关性状相关作为土壤和气候特征。这些单倍型块中的有限重组使自适应等位物保持在一起，并且这些区域区分向日葵生态型。例如，单倍型块控制Silverleaf向日葵H.Crophyrophllus的生态型之间的开花的77天差异（可能是通过缺失开花基因座T（ft）的同源物），并且与种子大小，开花时间和土壤肥力相关联在沙丘适应的向日葵中。这些单倍型是高度发散的，经常与结构变体相关，并且通常似乎代表来自其他可能的现在灭绝的同伴的钝化。这些结果突出了结构变异对生态自适应的普遍作用。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2020年第7822期|602-607|共6页
  • 作者

    Todesco Marco; Owens Gregory L.; Bercovich Natalia; Legare Jean-Sebastien; Soudi Shaghayegh; Burge Dylan O.; Huang Kaichi; Ostevik Katherine L.; Drummond Emily B. M.; Imerovski Ivana; Lande Kathryn; Pascual-Robles Mariana A.; Nanavati Mihir; Jahani Mojtaba; Cheung Winnie; Staton S. Evan; Munos Stephane; Nielsen Rasmus; Donovan Lisa A.; Burke John M.; Yeaman Sam; Rieseberg Loren H.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ British Columbia Dept Bot Vancouver BC Canada|Univ British Columbia Biodivers Res Ctr Vancouver BC Canada;

    Univ British Columbia Dept Bot Vancouver BC Canada|Univ British Columbia Biodivers Res Ctr Vancouver BC Canada|Univ Calif Berkeley Dept Integrat Biol Berkeley CA 94720 USA;

    Univ British Columbia Dept Bot Vancouver BC Canada|Univ British Columbia Biodivers Res Ctr Vancouver BC Canada;

    Univ British Columbia Dept Bot Vancouver BC Canada|Univ British Columbia Biodivers Res Ctr Vancouver BC Canada|Univ British Columbia Dept Comp Sci Vancouver BC Canada|Univ British Columbia Data Sci Inst Vancouver BC Canada;

    Univ Calgary Dept Biol Sci Calgary AB Canada;

    Univ British Columbia Dept Bot Vancouver BC Canada|Univ British Columbia Biodivers Res Ctr Vancouver BC Canada;

    Univ British Columbia Dept Bot Vancouver BC Canada|Univ British Columbia Biodivers Res Ctr Vancouver BC Canada;

    Duke Univ Dept Biol Durham NC USA;

    Univ British Columbia Dept Bot Vancouver BC Canada|Univ British Columbia Biodivers Res Ctr Vancouver BC Canada;

    Univ British Columbia Dept Bot Vancouver BC Canada|Univ British Columbia Biodivers Res Ctr Vancouver BC Canada;

    Univ British Columbia Dept Bot Vancouver BC Canada|Univ British Columbia Biodivers Res Ctr Vancouver BC Canada;

    Univ British Columbia Dept Bot Vancouver BC Canada|Univ British Columbia Biodivers Res Ctr Vancouver BC Canada;

    Univ British Columbia Dept Comp Sci Vancouver BC Canada|Microsoft Res New York NY USA;

    Univ British Columbia Dept Bot Vancouver BC Canada|Univ British Columbia Biodivers Res Ctr Vancouver BC Canada;

    Univ British Columbia Dept Bot Vancouver BC Canada|Univ British Columbia Biodivers Res Ctr Vancouver BC Canada;

    Univ British Columbia Dept Bot Vancouver BC Canada|Univ British Columbia Biodivers Res Ctr Vancouver BC Canada;

    Univ Toulouse CNRS LIPM INRAE Castanet Tolosan France;

    Univ Calif Berkeley Dept Integrat Biol Berkeley CA 94720 USA;

    Univ Georgia Dept Plant Biol Athens GA 30602 USA;

    Univ Georgia Dept Plant Biol Athens GA 30602 USA;

    Univ Calgary Dept Biol Sci Calgary AB Canada;

    Univ British Columbia Dept Bot Vancouver BC Canada|Univ British Columbia Biodivers Res Ctr Vancouver BC Canada;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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