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Chromosome clustering by Ki-67 excludes cytoplasm during nuclear assembly

机译：KI-67的染色体聚类在核组件期间排除了细胞质

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摘要

Gene expression in eukaryotes requires the effective separation of nuclear transcription and RNA processing from cytosolic translation~(1). This separation is achieved by the nuclear envelope, which controls the exchange of macromolecules through nuclear pores~(2). During mitosis, however, the nuclear envelope in animal and plant cells disassembles, allowing cytoplasmic and nuclear components to intermix~(3). When the nuclear envelope is reformed, cytoplasmic components are removed from the nucleus by receptor-mediated transport through nuclear pores~(2). These pores have a size limit of 39 nanometres~(4-7), which raises the question of how larger cytoplasmic molecules are cleared from the nucleus. Here we show in HeLa cells that large cytoplasmic components are displaced before nuclear envelope assembly by the movement of chromosomes to a dense cluster. This clustering occurs when chromosomes approach the poles of anaphase spindles, and is mediated by a microtubule-independent mechanism that involves the surfactant-like protein Ki-67. Ki-67 forms repulsive molecular brushes during the early stages of mitosis~(8), but during mitotic exit the brushes collapse and Ki-67 promotes chromosome clustering. We show that the exclusion of mature ribosomes from the nucleus after mitosis depends on Ki-67-regulated chromosome clustering. Thus, our study reveals that chromosome mechanics help to re-establish the compartmentalization of eukaryotic cells after open mitosis.
机译：真核生物中的基因表达需要有效分离核转录和来自胞岩翻译的RNA加工〜（1）。这种分离是通过核包膜实现的，该核封通过核孔控制大分子的交换〜（2）。然而，在有丝分裂期间，动物和植物细胞中的核包膜拆解，使细胞质和核心组分含有intermix〜（3）。当核包封被重整时，通过核孔通过核孔介导的传输从细胞核中除去细胞质组分〜（2）。这些孔的尺寸限制为39纳米〜（4-7），这提出了从细胞核清除较大细胞质分子的问题。在这里，我们在Hela细胞中显示，通过染色体移动到致密簇之前，在核包封组件之前移动大细胞质组分。当染色体接近后骨纺的极点时，发生这种聚类，并且由涉及表面活性剂样蛋白Ki-67的微管无关的机制介导。 Ki-67在丝分裂的早期阶段形成排斥分子刷，但在有丝分裂出口期间，刷子塌陷和Ki-67促进染色体聚类。我们表明，在有丝分裂后从核中排出成熟核糖体取决于Ki-67调节染色体聚类。因此，我们的研究表明，染色体力学有助于在开放有丝分裂后重新建立真核细胞的分区化。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2020年第7833期|285-290|共6页
  • 作者

    Sara Cuylen-Haering; Mina Petrovic; Alberto Hernandez-Armendariz; Maximilian W G Schneider; Matthias Samwer; Claudia Blaukopf; Liam J Holt; Daniel W Gerlich;

  • 作者单位

    Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Vienna BioCenter|Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL);

    Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Vienna BioCenter;

    Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL)| Faculty of Biosciences;

    Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Vienna BioCenter;

    Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Vienna BioCenter;

    Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Vienna BioCenter;

    Institute for Systems Genetics New York University Langone Health;

    Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Vienna BioCenter;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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