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Dipolar evaporation of reactive molecules to below the Fermi temperature

机译：偶极蒸发反应性分子至低于费米温度

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摘要

The control of molecules is key to the investigation of quantum phases, in which rich degrees of freedom can be used to encode information and strong interactions can be precisely tuned~(1). Inelastic losses in molecular collisions~(2-5), however, have greatly hampered the engineering of low-entropy molecular systems~(6). So far, the only quantum degenerate gas of molecules has been created via association of two highly degenerate atomic gases~(7,8). Here we use an external electric field along with optical lattice confinement to create a two-dimensional Fermi gas of spin-polarized potassium-rubidium (KRb) polar molecules, in which elastic, tunable dipolar interactions dominate over all inelastic processes. Direct thermalization among the molecules in the trap leads to efficient dipolar evaporative cooling, yielding a rapid increase in phase-space density. At the onset of quantum degeneracy, we observe the effects of Fermi statistics on the thermodynamics of the molecular gas. These results demonstrate a general strategy for achieving quantum degeneracy in dipolar molecular gases in which strong, long-range and anisotropic dipolar interactions can drive the emergence of exotic many-body phases, such as interlayer pairing and p-wave superfluidity.
机译：分子的控制是调查量子阶段的关键，其中可以使用丰富的自由度来编码信息，并且可以精确调整强的相互作用〜（1）。然而，分子碰撞中的非弹性损失〜（2-5）极大地阻碍了低熵分子系统的工程〜（6）。到目前为止，已经通过两个高度简并原子气体的关联产生了唯一的分子的量子退化气体〜（7,8）。在这里，我们使用外部电场以及光学格子限制，以产生旋转偏振钾 - 铷（KRB）极性分子的二维FERMI气体，其中弹性可调偶极相互作用在所有无弹性过程中占主导地位。捕集器中分子的直接热化导致有效的偶极蒸发冷却，从而产生相位空间密度的快速增加。在量子退化的开始，我们观察到费米统计对分子气体热力学的影响。这些结果表明了在偶极分子气体中实现量子退化的一般策略，其中强，远程和各向异性偶极相互作用可以推动异国情调的许多身体阶段的出现，例如层间配对和P波超浊度。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2020年第7837期|239-243|共5页
  • 作者

    Giacomo Valtolina; Kyle Matsuda; William G Tobias; Jun-Ru Li; Luigi De Marco; Jun Ye;

  • 作者单位

    JILA National Institute of Standards and Technology|Department of Physics University of Colorado;

    JILA National Institute of Standards and Technology|Department of Physics University of Colorado;

    JILA National Institute of Standards and Technology|Department of Physics University of Colorado;

    JILA National Institute of Standards and Technology|Department of Physics University of Colorado;

    JILA National Institute of Standards and Technology|Department of Physics University of Colorado;

    JILA National Institute of Standards and Technology|Department of Physics University of Colorado;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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