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Thermally reconfigurable monoclinic nematic colloidal fluids

机译：热可重新配置的单斜型胶体液体

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摘要

Fundamental relationships are believed to exist between the symmetries of building blocks and the condensed matter phases that they form(1). For example, constituent molecular and colloidal rods and disks impart their uniaxial symmetry onto nematic liquid crystals, such as those used in displays(1,2). Low-symmetry organizations could form in mixtures of rods and disks(3-5), but entropy tends to phase-separate them at the molecular and colloidal scales, whereas strong elasticity-mediated interactions drive the formation of chains and crystals in nematic colloids(6-11). To have a structure with few or no symmetry operations apart from trivial ones has so far been demonstrated to be a property of solids alone(1), but not of their fully fluid condensed matter counterparts, even though such symmetries have been considered theoretically(12-15) and observed in magnetic colloids(16). Here we show that dispersing highly anisotropic charged colloidal disks in a nematic host composed of molecular rods provides a platform for observing many low-symmetry phases. Depending on the temperature, concentration and surface charge of the disks, we find nematic, smectic and columnar organizations with symmetries ranging from uniaxial(1,2) to orthorhombic(17-21) and monoclinic(12-15). With increasing temperature, we observe unusual transitions from less- to more-ordered states and re-entrant(22) phases. Most importantly, we demonstrate the presence of reconfigurable monoclinic colloidal nematic order, as well as the possibility of thermal and magnetic control of low-symmetry self-assembly(2,23,24). Our experimental findings are supported by theoretical modelling of the colloidal interactions between disks in the nematic host and may provide a route towards realizing many low-symmetry condensed matter phases in systems with building blocks of dissimilar shapes and sizes, as well as their technological applications.Dispersion of colloidal disks in a nematic liquid crystal reveals several low-symmetry phases, including monoclinic colloidal nematic order, with interchange between them achieved through variations in temperature, concentration and surface charge.
机译：相信基本关系存在于构建块的对称性和它们形成的凝聚力阶段（1）之间存在。例如，构成分子和胶体棒和磁盘将它们的单轴对称赋予向列液晶，例如用于显示器（1,2）的那些。低对称组织可以在杆和磁盘的混合物中形成（3-5），但熵趋于在分子和胶体鳞片上相位 - 介导的相互作用在列目胶体中形成链和晶体的形成（ 6-11）。为了使少数或没有对称操作的结构，到目前为止已经证明是单独的固体的性质（1），但也不是它们完全流体冷凝物对应物，即使这种对称性已被视为理论上（12 -15）并在磁性胶体（16）中观察。在这里，我们表明，在由分子棒组成的向列宿主中分散高度各向异性带电的胶体盘提供了用于观察许多低对称阶段的平台。取决于盘的温度，浓度和表面电荷，我们发现具有从单轴（1,2）到正交（17-21）和单斜（12-15）的单轴（1,2）的对称性的甲型，近晶和柱状组织。随着温度的升高，我们观察到更加有序状态和再参与者（22）阶段的不寻常的过渡。最重要的是，我们证明了可重新配置的单胶体胶体向列序顺序的存在，以及低对称自组装的热和磁控控制的可能性（2,23,24）。我们的实验结果得到了向列宿主中磁盘之间的胶体相互作用的理论建模支持，并且可以提供一种实现许多低对称冷凝物阶段的途径，该系统在具有不同形状和尺寸的构建块的系统中以及其技术应用。胶体盘在列目液晶中的分散揭示了几个低对称阶段，包括单斜胶体向量，在它们之间通过温度，浓度和表面电荷的变化来实现它们之间的互换。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2021年第7845期|268-274|共7页
  • 作者

    Mundoor Haridas; Wu Jin-Sheng; Wensink Henricus H.; Smalyukh Ivan I.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Colorado Dept Phys Boulder CO 80309 USA;

    Univ Colorado Dept Chem Chem Phys Program Boulder CO 80309 USA|Univ Colorado Dept Phys Chem Phys Program Boulder CO 80309 USA;

    Univ Paris Saclay Lab Phys Solides CNRS Orsay France;

    Univ Colorado Dept Phys Boulder CO 80309 USA|Univ Colorado Dept Chem Chem Phys Program Boulder CO 80309 USA|Univ Colorado Dept Phys Chem Phys Program Boulder CO 80309 USA|Univ Colorado Mat Sci & Engn Program Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn Boulder CO 80309 USA|Natl Renewable Energy Lab Renewable & Sustainable Energy Inst Boulder CO 80309 USA|Univ Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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