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Global upper-atmospheric heating on Jupiter by the polar aurorae

机译：通过极地极光的木星上的全球大气加热

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摘要

Jupiter's upper atmosphere is considerably hotter than expected from the amount of sunlight that it receives(1-3). Processes that couple the magnetosphere to the atmosphere give rise to intense auroral emissions and enormous deposition of energy in the magnetic polar regions, so it has been presumed that redistribution of this energy could heat the rest of the planet(4-6). Instead, most thermospheric global circulation models demonstrate that auroral energy is trapped at high latitudes by the strong winds on this rapidly rotating planet(3,5,7-10). Consequently, other possible heat sources have continued to be studied, such as heating by gravity waves and acoustic waves emanating from the lower atmosphere(2,11-13). Each mechanism would imprint a unique signature on the global Jovian temperature gradients, thus revealing the dominant heat source, but a lack of planet-wide, high-resolution data has meant that these gradients have not been determined. Here we report infrared spectroscopy of Jupiter with a spatial resolution of 2 degrees in longitude and latitude, extending from pole to equator. We find that temperatures decrease steadily from the auroral polar regions to the equator. Furthermore, during a period of enhanced activity possibly driven by a solar wind compression, a high-temperature planetary-scale structure was observed that may be propagating from the aurora. These observations indicate that Jupiter's upper atmosphere is predominantly heated by the redistribution of auroral energy.High-resolution observations confirm that Jupiter's global upper atmosphere is heated by transport of energy from the polar aurora.
机译：木星的高层大气比它收到的阳光量高于预期的（1-3）。将磁性层耦合到大气层的过程产生强烈的极光排放和磁极区域中的能量沉积的巨大沉积，因此已经推测，这种能量的再分配可以加热行星的其余部分（4-6）。相反，大多数热部分全球循环模型表明，在这种迅速旋转的行星上的强风（3,5,7-10），强风会以高纬度陷入高纬度。因此，还继续研究其他可能的热源，例如通过从下大气（2,11-13）发出的重力波和声波的加热。每个机制都将在全球jovian温度梯度上印有一个独特的签名，从而揭示了主导的热源，而是缺乏行星范围的高分辨率数据，这意味着这些梯度尚未确定。在这里，我们在经度和纬度下报告Jupiter的红外光谱，其空间分辨率为2度，从杆延伸到赤道。我们发现温度从极光地区到赤道稳定地降低。此外，在可能由太阳风压缩驱动的增强的活动期间，观察到可以从极光传播的高温行星级结构。这些观察结果表明，木星的高层大气主要通过极光能量的再分布来加热。高分辨率观察结果证实，JUPITER的全球高层大气通过来自极性极光的能量运输来加热。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2021年第7870期|54-57|共4页
  • 作者

    ODonoghue J.; Moore L.; Bhakyapaibul T.; Melin H.; Stallard T.; Connerney J. E. P.; Tao C.;

  • 作者单位

    JAXA Inst Space & Astronaut Sci Dept Solar Syst Sci Sagamihara Kanagawa Japan|NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr Greenbelt MD USA;

    Boston Univ Ctr Space Phys Boston MA 02215 USA;

    Boston Univ Ctr Space Phys Boston MA 02215 USA;

    Univ Leicester Dept Phys & Astron Leicester Leics England;

    Univ Leicester Dept Phys & Astron Leicester Leics England;

    NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr Greenbelt MD USA|Space Res Corp Annapolis MD USA;

    Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol NICT Tokyo Japan;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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