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Low glycaemic diets alter lipid metabolism to influence tumour growth

机译:低血糖饮食改变脂质代谢以影响肿瘤生长

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Dietary interventions can change metabolite levels in the tumour microenvironment, which might then affect cancer cell metabolism to alter tumour growth(1-5). Although caloric restriction (CR) and a ketogenic diet (KD) are often thought to limit tumour progression by lowering blood glucose and insulin levels(6-8), we found that only CR inhibits the growth of select tumour allografts in mice, suggesting that other mechanisms contribute to tumour growth inhibition. A change in nutrient availability observed with CR, but not with KD, is lower lipid levels in the plasma and tumours. Upregulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), which synthesises monounsaturated fatty acids, is required for cancer cells to proliferate in a lipid-depleted environment, and CR also impairs tumour SCD activity to cause an imbalance between unsaturated and saturated fatty acids to slow tumour growth. Enforcing cancer cell SCD expression or raising circulating lipid levels through a higher-fat CR diet confers resistance to the effects of CR. By contrast, although KD also impairs tumour SCD activity, KD-driven increases in lipid availability maintain the unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratios in tumours, and changing the KD fat composition to increase tumour saturated fatty acid levels cooperates with decreased tumour SCD activity to slow tumour growth. These data suggest that diet-induced mismatches between tumour fatty acid desaturation activity and the availability of specific fatty acid species determine whether low glycaemic diets impair tumour growth.Lien et al. show that low glycemic diets can reduce tumour growth by deregulating lipid metabolism.
机译:饮食干预可以在肿瘤微环境中改变代谢物水平,然后可能影响癌细胞代谢以改变肿瘤生长(1-5)。虽然热量限制(Cr)和酮饮食(KD)通常被认为通过降低血糖和胰岛素水平来限制肿瘤进展(6-8),但我们发现只有Cr抑制小鼠中选择肿瘤同种异体移植物的生长,这表明这一点其他机制有助于肿瘤生长抑制。用Cr观察到但不具有Kd的营养可用性的变化是血浆和肿瘤的脂质水平较低。癌细胞在脂质耗尽的环境中促进癌细胞所需的硬脂酰CoA去饱和酶(SCD)的上调,癌细胞需要癌细胞增殖,并且CR还损害肿瘤SCD活性,导致不饱和和饱和脂肪酸之间的不平衡,缓慢肿瘤生长。通过更高脂肪的CR饮食实施癌细胞SCD表达或升高循环脂质水平,赋予抗噬菌体的影响。相比之下,虽然KD也损害了肿瘤SCD活性,但脂质可用性的KD驱动的增加将不饱和在肿瘤中的饱和脂肪酸比保持,并且改变Kd脂肪组合物以增加肿瘤饱和脂肪酸水平,以减少肿瘤SCD活性慢肿瘤生长。这些数据表明,饮食诱导的肿瘤脂肪酸去饱和活性的不匹配和特定脂肪酸物种的可用性确定低血糖饮食是否损害肿瘤生长.Lien等人。表明低血糖饮食可以通过放松脂质代谢来降低肿瘤生长。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2021年第7884期|302-307|共6页
  • 作者单位

    MIT Koch Inst Integrat Canc Res 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA;

    MIT Koch Inst Integrat Canc Res 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA;

    Dana Farber Canc Inst Dept Med Oncol Boston MA 02115 USA|Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth Dept Epidemiol Boston MA USA;

    Dana Farber Canc Inst Dept Med Oncol Boston MA 02115 USA;

    MIT Koch Inst Integrat Canc Res 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA|MIT Dept Biol 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA;

    MIT Koch Inst Integrat Canc Res 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA;

    MIT Koch Inst Integrat Canc Res 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA|MIT Dept Biol 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA;

    Dana Farber Canc Inst Dept Med Oncol Boston MA 02115 USA;

    MIT Koch Inst Integrat Canc Res 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA|Dana Farber Canc Inst Dept Med Oncol Boston MA 02115 USA|MIT Dept Biol 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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