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Spatiotemporal origin of soil water taken up by vegetation

机译:植被占用的土壤水的时尚血统

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摘要

Vegetation modulates Earth's water, energy and carbon cycles. How its functions might change in the future largely depends on how it copes with droughts(1-4). There is evidence that, in places and times of drought, vegetation shifts water uptake to deeper soil(5-7) and rock(8,9) moisture as well as groundwater(10-12). Here we differentiate and assess plant use of four types of water sources: precipitation in the current month (source 1), past precipitation stored in deeper unsaturated soils and/or rocks (source 2), past precipitation stored in groundwater (source 3, locally recharged) and groundwater from precipitation fallen on uplands via river-groundwater convergence toward lowlands (source 4, remotely recharged). We examine global and seasonal patterns and drivers in plant uptake of the four sources using inverse modelling and isotope-based estimates. We find that (1), globally and annually, 70% of plant transpiration relies on source 1, 18% relies on source 2, only 1% relies on source 3 and 10% relies on source 4; (2) regionally and seasonally, source 1 is only 19% in semi-arid, 32% in Mediterranean and 17% in winter-dry tropics in the driest months; and (3) at landscape scales, source 2, taken up by deep roots in the deep vadose zone, is critical in uplands in dry months, but source 4 is up to 47% in valleys where riparian forests and desert oases are found. Because the four sources originate from different places and times, move at different spatiotemporal scales and respond with different sensitivity to climate and anthropogenic forces, understanding the space and time origins of plant water sources can inform ecosystem management and Earth system models on the critical hydrological pathways linking precipitation to vegetation.Global inverse modelling of plant water acquisition depth and isotope-based plant water use estimates demonstrate globally prevalent use of precipitation from distant sources, and that water-stressed ecosystems are well suited to using past and remote precipitation.
机译:植被调节地球的水,能量和碳循环。其功能如何在未来可能发生变化,主要取决于它如何与干旱调节(1-4)。有证据表明,在干旱的地方和时期,植被将水摄入到更深的土壤(5-7)和岩石(8,9)水分以及地下水(10-12)。在这里,我们分化和评估了四种类型的水源的植物使用:当月降水(来源1),过去储存在更深的不饱和土和/或岩石(源2)中,过去储存在地下水中的沉淀(源3,本地源3)通过河流地区融合到低地(源4,远程充电),从河流地区融合到高地的降水下降)和地下水。我们使用反向建模和基于同位素的估计来检查植物摄取的全球和季节性模式和司机。我们发现(1),全球和每年,70%的植物蒸腾依赖于源1,18%依赖于源2,仅1%依赖于源3和10%依赖于源4; (2)地区和季节性地,Source 1只有19%的半干旱,22%在地中海,最干燥的几个月内的冬季干燥热带17%; (3)在横向鳞片下,深层源区占据的源2,在干燥的月份的高处至关重要,但山谷的来源4高达47%的山脉森林和沙漠植物。因为四个来源来自不同的地方和时间,以不同的时空鳞片移动,并以不同的敏感性对气候和人为力作出反应,了解植物水源的空间和时间来通知生态系统管理和地球系统模型的临界水文途径。将沉淀与植被连接。植物水采集深度和同位素的植物用水量估算造型逆转模拟估计,避免了远处源的沉淀,并且耐水生态系统非常适合使用过去和远程降水。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2021年第7882期|624-628|共5页
  • 作者

    Miguez-Macho Gonzalo; Fan Ying;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Santiago de Compostela Fac Phys Nonlinear Phys Grp CRETUS Galicia Spain;

    Rutgers State Univ Dept Earth & Planetary Sci New Brunswick NJ 08854 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
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