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首页> 外文期刊>Nature >Non-aqueous supramolecular assembly of mesostructured metal germanium sulphides from (Ge_4S_(10))~(4-) clusters
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Non-aqueous supramolecular assembly of mesostructured metal germanium sulphides from (Ge_4S_(10))~(4-) clusters

机译：（Ge_4S_（10））〜（4-）团簇的介孔结构金属硫化锗的非水超分子组装

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Microporous materials have found extensive application as catalysts, ion-exchange media and sorbents1'2. The discovery of meso-porous silica has opened the path to selective catalysis and separation of large molecules and to the synthesis of inorganic-organic composite materials, polymer mesofibres and semiconducting quantum dots. Various oxide-based mesoporous materials, such as TiO_2, ZrO_2, SnO_2, Al_2O_3, Nb_2O_5 and GeO_2, have been reported. A challenge for materials research is now to expand the scope of mesoporous materials beyond the oxides. Only a few non-oxide mesostructured composites, such as CdS, SnS_2 and CdSe, have been reported; they are usually synthesized by ad hoc hydrothermal methods or from aqueous solutions containing ill-defined species, and are often not well characterized. Here we report the rational synthesis of a new family of metal germanium sulphide mesostructured materials prepared by a non-aqueous surfactant-templated assembly of adamantanoid [Ge_4S_(10)]~(4-) cluster precursors. In the presence of quaternary alkylammonium surfactants, [Ge_4S_(10)]~(4-) anions in formamide solution self-organize with metal cations (Co~(2+), Ni~(2+), Cu~+ and Zn~(2+)) to create well ordered hexagonal metal germanium sulphide mesostructures, some having fibre-like morphologies with channels running down the long axis of the fibre. Materials of this genre could prove effective in applications as diverse as detoxification of heavy metals in polluted water streams, sensing of sulphurous vapours, and the formation of semiconductor quantum 'anti-dot' devices.
机译：微孔材料已广泛用作催化剂，离子交换介质和吸附剂1'2。中孔二氧化硅的发现为大分子的选择性催化和分离以及无机-有机复合材料，聚合物中微纤维和半导体量子点的合成开辟了道路。已经报道了各种基于氧化物的介孔材料，例如TiO_2，ZrO_2，SnO_2，Al_2O_3，Nb_2O_5和GeO_2。材料研究的挑战现在是扩大介孔材料的范围，超越氧化物。仅报道了几种非氧化物的介孔结构复合材料，例如CdS，SnS_2和CdSe。它们通常是通过特设的水热方法或由含不确定种类的水溶液合成的，通常不能很好地表征。在这里，我们报告了由金刚烷类[Ge_4S _（（10）]〜（4-）簇前体的非水表面活性剂模板组装制备的金属硫化锗介孔结构材料新系列的合理合成。在季烷基铵表面活性剂的存在下，甲酰胺溶液中的[Ge_4S_（10）]〜（4-）阴离子与金属阳离子（Co〜（2 +），Ni〜（2 +），Cu〜+和Zn〜 （2+））来创建井井有条的六角形金属硫化锗介孔结构，其中一些具有类似纤维的形态，并沿纤维的长轴延伸。这种类型的材料可以证明在各种应用中都是有效的，例如对污水中的重金属进行解毒，检测含硫蒸汽以及形成半导体量子“反点”装置。

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