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Photocontrolled nanophase segregation in a liquid-crystal solvent

机译：液晶溶剂中的光控纳米相偏析

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Materials whose structure or electrical or optical properties can be controlled with light are said to be photoactive. Liquid crystals are of interest as photoactive media, because their fluidity maintains the possibility of molecular motion in response to photon absorption, while their orientational and/or positional ordering offers the possibility of cooperative behaviour that can amplify relatively weak photochemical effects. Moreover, liquid crystals impose their own ordering on solutes. For example, smectic A liquid crystals, comprised of one-dimensional stacks of fluid layers with the molecular axes aligned normal to the layers, produce a modulation in solute concentration with a period equal to the layer spacing. Here we present computer simulations which show that the positional ordering of a photoactive solute (an azobenzene derivative, denoted 7AB) in a smectic host (denoted 8CB) depends sensitively on its photochemical state. The photoactive molecules are driven from within the smectic layers to locations between the layers by trans-to-cis photoisomerization. This would explain the recent observation of a reversible increase in the smectic A layer spacing of a solution of 7AB in 8CB accompanying the photoisomerization process. The effect might be exploited for low-power, high-resolution optical data storage, and more generally for the manipulation of organic materials at the nanometre scale.
机译：可以用光控制其结构或电或光学性质的材料被认为是光活性的。液晶作为光敏介质是令人感兴趣的，因为液晶的流动性保持了响应光子吸收的分子运动的可能性，而液晶的取向和/或位置有序性则提供了可以放大相对弱的光化学作用的协同行为的可能性。此外，液晶对溶质施加了自己的顺序。例如，近晶A液晶由分子层垂直于各层排列的分子层的流体层的一维堆叠组成，产生的溶质浓度调制具有等于层间隔的周期。在这里，我们目前的计算机模拟表明，在近晶宿主（表示为8CB）中光活性溶质（偶氮苯衍生物，表示为7AB）的位置排序敏感地取决于其光化学状态。通过反式-顺式光异构化将光敏分子从近晶层内驱动到层之间的位置。这将解释最近观察到的伴随光异构化过程在8CB中7AB溶液的近晶A层间距可逆增加的现象。可以将这种效应用于低功率，高分辨率的光学数据存储，并且更普遍地用于纳米级的有机材料操纵。

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