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Non-centrosymmetric superlattices in block copolymer blends

机译:嵌段共聚物共混物中的非中心对称超晶格

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Materials with a macroscopic electric polarization display a variety of useful properties, such as piezo- and pyroelectricity and second-order nonlinear optical activity. Macroscopic polarization results when dipolar molecules are orientated in the same direction, or when ions are organized in a non-centrosymmetric crystal structure. Centrosymmetric molecules have no dipole moment and so cannot generate a macroscopic polarization. Non-centrosymmetry in amorphous materials can be engineered by depositing particular sequences of layers on top of each other, or by applying external fields (generally electric) to orientate the molecules. Here we report the formation of a non-centrosymmetric structure in an amorphous material through spontaneous self-assembly. Block copolymers are known to form ordered structures at the microscale owing to segregation of the different blocks. We show that a mixture of a ternary triblock copolymer and a binary diblock copolymer will organize itself into a non-centrosymmetric layered structure in which the layers are occupied by different blocks. The structure is periodic with a length scale of around 60 nm.
机译:具有宏观极化作用的材料显示出各种有用的特性,例如压电和热电性以及二阶非线性光学活性。当偶极分子以相同方向取向时,或者当离子以非中心对称晶体结构组织时,就会产生宏观极化。中心对称分子没有偶极矩,因此不能产生宏观极化。非晶材料的非中心对称可以通过在彼此顶部沉积特定的层序列或通过施加外部电场(通常是电场)来定向分子来进行设计。在这里,我们报告了通过自发自组装在非晶态材料中形成非中心对称结构。已知由于不同嵌段的分离,嵌段共聚物在微观尺度上形成有序结构。我们显示出三元三嵌段共聚物和二元二嵌段共聚物的混合物将自身组织成非中心对称的层状结构,其中各层被不同的嵌段占据。该结构是周期性的,长度尺度约为60 nm。

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