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A presenilin-1-dependent γ-secretase-like protease mediates release of Notch intracellular domain

机译:依赖早老素-1的γ-分泌酶样蛋白酶介导Notch细胞内结构域的释放

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摘要

Signalling through the receptor protein Notch, which is involved in crucial cell-fate decisions during development, requires ligand-induced cleavage of Notch. This cleavage occurs within the predicted transmembrane domain, releasing the Notch intracellular domain (NICD), and is reminiscent of γ-secretase-mediated cleavage of β-amyloid precursor protein (APP), a critical event in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. A deficiency in presenilin-1 (PS1) inhibits processing of APP by γ-secretase in mammalian cells, and genetic interactions between Notch and PS1 homologues in Caenorhabditis elegans indicate that the presenilins may modulate the Notch signalling pathway. Here we report that, in mammalian cells, PS1 deficiency also reduces the proteolytic release of NICD from a truncated Notch construct, thus identifying the specific biochemical step of the Notch signalling pathway that is affected by PS1. Moreover, several γ-secretase inhibitors block this same step in Notch processing, indicating that related protease activities are responsible for cleavage within the predicted transmembrane domains of Notch and APP. Thus the targeting of γ-secretase for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease may risk toxicity caused by reduced Notch signalling.
机译:通过受体蛋白Notch的信号传导涉及发育过程中关键的细胞命运决定,需要配体诱导的Notch裂解。这种切割发生在预测的跨膜结构域内,释放出Notch细胞内结构域(NICD),并且让人联想到由γ-分泌酶介导的β-淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白(APP)的切割,这是阿尔茨海默氏病发病机理中的关键事件。早老素-1(PS1)的缺乏会抑制哺乳动物细胞中γ-分泌酶对APP的加工,并且秀丽隐杆线虫中Notch和PS1同源物之间的遗传相互作用表明早老素可能会调节Notch信号通路。在这里我们报道,在哺乳动物细胞中,PS1缺乏症也减少了从截短的Notch构建体中NICD的蛋白水解释放,从而确定了受PS1影响的Notch信号通路的特定生化步骤。而且,几种γ-分泌酶抑制剂在Notch加工中阻断了该相同步骤,表明相关的蛋白酶活性负责Notch和APP的预测跨膜结构域内的切割。因此,将γ-分泌酶靶向治疗阿尔茨海默氏病可能会因Notch信号减少而引起毒性。

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