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Surface impact ionization of polar-molecule clusters through pickup of alkali atoms

机译:极性分子团簇通过碱原子的吸附实现表面碰撞电离

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摘要

The observation that clusters of neutral H_2O (refs 1-4) or SO_2 (ref. 5) molecules, on impact with essentially any solid surface, can decay efficiently into positively and negatively charged fragments has defied explanation, not least because the kinetic energy per molecule can be much smaller than the molecular ionization potentials. Here we present a microscopic model of the charging mechanism, based on a mass analysis of charged SO_2 cluster fragments, which appears to be applicable to polar-molecule clusters more generally. Our mass spectra reveal that all positively charged fragments carry an alkali ion (sodium, potassium or caesium), whereas the negative fragments are simply (SO_2)_n~-. The yields of both charged species are comparable, and can be enhanced significantly by pre-treating the sample surface with additional alkali atoms. The key to charge separation in the clusters therefore appears to be the pickup of a neutral (but readily ionized) adatom during impact, followed by delocaliza-tion of the adatom's valence electron within the cluster and the subsequent collision-induced fragmentation of the cluster into charged pieces. This process could be of practical use in, for example, charge-pair generation and surface analysis; it may also be relevant to atmospheric ionization processes.
机译:关于中性H_2O(refs 1-4)或SO_2(ref.5)分子簇在基本上任何固体表面上撞击都可以有效地分解成带正电荷和带负电荷的碎片这一观察结果,已经被人们拒绝了,尤其是因为分子可以比分子电离势小得多。在这里,我们基于带电的SO_2簇片段的质量分析,给出了带电机制的微观模型,该模型似乎更适用于极性分子簇。我们的质谱表明,所有带正电的碎片都带有一个碱离子(钠,钾或铯),而带负电的碎片只是(SO_2)_n〜-。两种带电物质的产率相当,可以通过用额外的碱原子预处理样品表面来显着提高。因此,簇中电荷分离的关键似乎是在撞击过程中拾取中性(但容易离子化)的原子,然后使簇中的价原子电子离域化,随后碰撞诱导的簇碎裂为充电件。此过程可能在例如电荷对生成和表面分析中有实际用途;它也可能与大气电离过程有关。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |1999年第6744期|p.544-547|共4页
  • 作者单位
  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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