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Ragtime jumping

机译:破布时间跳

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Transposons are generally considered the ultimate forms of selfish DNA- a single gene (or sometimes a set of two or three genes) that spreads simply because it ensures its own replication. Indeed, the ability of transposons to encode one or more pro -teins that selectively replicate the transposon is enough to explain their existence. But selfish elements may also end up doing something useful for their host, and it has often been speculated that transposon jumping may have generated gene arrangements that opened new avenues in evolution. Examples of this are rare, but a spectacular case has now been discovered. On page 744 of this issue, David Schatz and his colleagues report that we owe the repertoire of our immune system to one transposon insertion, which occurred 450 million years ago in an ancestor of the jawed vertebrates. Vertebrates seem to have tamed this ancient transposon for generation of the immune repertoire, and the authors show that the RAG1 and RAG2 proteins (which mediate V(D)J joining) can still catalyse a full transposition reaction. A similar result has been independently obtained by Martin Gellert and co-workers, and is reported in tomorrow's issue of Cell.
机译:转座子通常被认为是自私DNA的最终形式-单个基因(有时是两个或三个基因的集合)会传播,其原因很简单,因为它确保了自身的复制。确实,转座子编码选择性复制转座子的一种或多种蛋白质的能力足以解释其存在。但是自私的因素也可能最终对宿主产生有益的作用,而且经常有人推测转座子跳跃可能产生了基因排列,从而为进化打开了新的途径。这种事例很少见,但现已发现了一个引人注目的案例。在该问题的第744页上,David Schatz和他的同事报告说,我们的免疫系统应归功于4.5亿年前发生在颌骨脊椎动物祖先中的一次转座子插入。脊椎动物似乎已经驯服了这个古老的转座子以产生免疫库,作者证明RAG1和RAG2蛋白(介导V(D)J的结合)仍可以催化完整的转座反应。马丁·盖勒特(Martin Gellert)及其同事独立获得了类似的结果,并将在明天的《细胞》杂志上进行报道。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |1998年第6695期|p.718-719|共2页
  • 作者

    Ronald Plasterk;

  • 作者单位
  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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