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Apostatic selection by blue jays produces balanced polymorphism in virtual prey

机译:蓝鸟的良性选择在虚拟猎物中产生平衡的多态性

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摘要

Apostatic selection, in which predators overlook rare prey types while consuming an excess of abundant ones, has been assumed to contribute to the maintenance of prey polymorphisms. Such an effect requires predators to respond to changes in the relative abundance of prey, switching to alternatives when a focal prey type becomes less common. Apostatic selection has often been investigated using fixed relative proportions of prey, but its effects on predator-prey dynamics have been difficult to demonstrate. Here we report results from a new technique that incorporates computer-generated displays into an established experimental system, that of blue jays (Cyanocitta cristata) hunting for cryptic Catocala moths. Digital prey images from a virtual population are presented to predators. The relative numbers that escape detection determine the subsequent abundance of each prey type. If apostatic selection does promote stability, the system should converge on an equilibrium in which each prey type appears at a characteristic abundance. Our results show that the detection of cryptic prey does involve apostatic selection, and that such selection can function to maintain prey polymorphism.
机译:拟食性选择,在这种选择中,捕食者会忽略稀有的猎物类型,而食用过量的丰富种类的猎物,这有助于维持猎物的多态性。这种效应要求捕食者对猎物相对丰富度的变化做出反应,当焦点猎物类型变得不那么普遍时,切换到其他选择。经常使用固定的相对比例的猎物来研究良性选择,但是很难证明它对捕食者-猎物动力学的影响。在这里,我们报告了一项新技术的结果,该技术将计算机生成的显示结合到已建立的实验系统中,蓝鸟(Cyanocitta cristata)正在寻找神秘的Catocala飞蛾。来自虚拟种群的数字猎物图像会呈现给掠食者。逃避检测的相对数量决定了每种猎物类型的后续数量。如果良性选择确实能促进稳定性,则系统应收敛于一个平衡点,在该平衡点上,每种猎物都以特征性的丰度出现。我们的结果表明,隐性猎物的检测确实涉及到定性选择,并且这种选择可以起到维持猎物多态性的作用。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |1998年第6702期|p.594-596|共3页
  • 作者

    Alan B. Bond; Alan C. Kamil;

  • 作者单位
  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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