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Synaptic tagging and long-term potentiation

机译：突触标记和长期增强

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Repeated stimulation of hippocampal neurons can induce an immediate and prolonged increase in synaptic strength that is called long-term potentiation (LTP)-the primary cellular model of memory in the mammalian brain. An early phase of LTP (lasting less than three hours) can be dissociated from late-phase LTP by using inhibitors of transcription and translation, Because protein synthesis occurs mainly in the cell body, whereas LTP is input-specific, the question arises of how the synapse specificity of late LTP is achieved without elaborate intracellular protein trafficking. We propose that LTP initiates the creation of a short-lasting protein-synthesis-independent 'synaptic tag' at the potentiated synapse which sequesters the relevant protein(s) to establish late LTP. In support of this idea, we now show that weak tetanic stimulation, which ordinarily leads only to early LTP, or repeated tetanization in the presence of protein-synthesis inhibitors, each results in protein-synthesis-dependent late LTP, provided repeated tetanization has already been applied at another input to the same population of neurons. The synaptic tag decays in less than three hours. These findings indicate that the persistence of LTP depends not only on local events during its induction, but also on the prior activity of the neuron.
机译：重复刺激海马神经元可以引起突触强度的立即和长期增加，这被称为长期增强（LTP）-哺乳动物大脑记忆的主要细胞模型。通过使用转录和翻译抑制剂，可以将LTP的早期阶段（持续少于三个小时）与晚期LTP分离。由于蛋白质合成主要发生在细胞体内，而LTP是输入特异性的，因此产生了一个问题无需复杂的细胞内蛋白运输即可实现晚期LTP的突触特异性。我们建议LTP在增强的突触中启动一个持久的，不依赖蛋白质合成的“突触标签”的建立，该突触隔离相关蛋白以建立晚期LTP。为了支持该想法，我们现在显示弱的强直性刺激，通常仅导致早期LTP或在存在蛋白质合成抑制剂的情况下反复进行tetanization，如果重复进行tetanization，则每一种都会导致依赖蛋白质合成的晚期LTP。在另一个输入上应用于相同的神经元群体。突触标签在不到三个小时内衰减。这些发现表明，LTP的持久性不仅取决于其诱导过程中的局部事件，还取决于神经元的先前活动。

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