To measure the strength of religious belief in an era of ascendant science, the eminent researcher James Leuba conducted a landmark survey in 1916. He found that 60 per cent of 1,000 randomly selected scientists did not believe in a God, and predictedthat such disbelief would increase as education spread. To test that prediction, we replicated Leuba's survey as exactly as possible. The result: about 40 per cent of scientists still believe in a personal God and an afterlife, In both surveys, roughly45 per cent disbelieved and 15percentweredoubters(agnostic).
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