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X-chromosome-counting mechanisms that determine nematode sex

机译:确定线虫性别的X染色体计数机制

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Sex is determined in Caenorhabditis elegans by an X-chromosome-counting mechanism that reliably distinguishes the twofold difference in X-chromosome dose between males (1X) and hermaphrodites (2X). This small quantitative difference is translated into the 'on/off' response of the target gene, xol-1, a switch that specifies the male fate when active and the hermaphrodite fate when inactive. Specific regions of X contain counted signal elements whose combined dose sets the activity of xol-1. Here we ascribe the dose effects of one region to a discrete, protein-encoding gene, fox-1. We demonstrate that the dose-sensitive signal elements on chromosome X control xol-1 through two different molecular mechanisms. One involves the transcriptional repression of xol-1 in XX animals. The other uses the putative RNA-binding protein encoded by fox-1 to reduce the level of xol-1 protein. These two mechanisms of repression act together to ensure the fidelity of the X-chromosome counting process.
机译:秀丽隐杆线虫中的性别是通过X染色体计数机制确定的,该机制可可靠地区分男性(1X)和雌雄同体(2X)的X染色体剂量的两倍差异。这种小的数量差异转化为靶基因xol-1的“开/关”响应,xol-1是一个开关,用于指定活跃时的雄性命运和无效时的雌雄同体的命运。 X的特定区域包含计数的信号元素,其结合剂量决定了xol-1的活性。在这里,我们将一个区域的剂量效应归因于离散的蛋白质编码基因fox-1。我们证明X染色体上的剂量敏感信号元素通过两种不同的分子机制控制xol-1。其中之一涉及XX动物中xol-1的转录抑制。另一种使用fox-1编码的假定RNA结合蛋白来降低x​​ol-1蛋白的水平。这两种抑制机制共同作用,以确保X染色体计数过程的保真度。

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