A big step along the visual pathway

David Hubel

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A big step along the visual pathway

机译：视觉途径上的一大步

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In their paper on page 249 of this issue, Ferster, Chung and Wheat come close to establishing the circuit that forms the basis of the simple cells of the cat primary visual cortex. The problem they have tackled — the mechanism whereby these cells show a phenomenon known as orientation selectivity — has been the subject of dispute for well over 30 years, but to my mind these new results provide the clearest-cut answer yet. The visual system of mammals is organized as a series of neurally interconnected stages, beginning in the retina and continuing, in the brain, in the lateral geniculate body and then a succession of stages in the cerebral cortex (see figure). The first of these cortical stages is the primary visual cortex. The visual input to this cortical area is relayed from the retinas through the lateral geniculate bodies, and lateral geniculate cells respond best when the retina is illuminated by circular spots of light. Cortical simple cells, by contrast, respond to long narrow lines whose optimal orientations vary from cell to cell. The new work is the latest in a series of studies pointing to the conclusion that this orientation selectivity is the result of direct excitatory convergence of inputs from the lateral geniculate cells, rather than of inhibition within the cortex itself.

机译：在本期第249页的论文中，Ferster，Chung和Wheat接近建立电路，该电路构成了猫主要视觉皮层的简单细胞的基础。他们解决的问题-这些细胞表现出一种称为定向选择性现象的机制-一直是争论的主题，但已经有30多年的历史了，但是在我看来，这些新结果提供了最明确的答案。哺乳动物的视觉系统被组织为一系列神经相互连接的阶段，从视网膜开始，在大脑中一直延伸到外侧膝状体，然后在大脑皮层中连续进行一系列的阶段（见图）。这些皮质阶段的第一个是主要的视觉皮层。通过外侧膝状体从视网膜传递到该皮质区域的视觉输入，并且当用圆形光斑照射视网膜时，外侧膝状细胞反应最佳。相比之下，皮质简单细胞对细窄的长线作出反应，其最佳方向随细胞的不同而不同。这项新工作是一系列研究中的最新成果，这些研究得出的结论是，这种方向选择性是侧面膝状细胞输入的直接兴奋性收敛的结果，而不是皮层自身的抑制作用。

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《Nature》 |1996年第6571期|p.197-198|共2页
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David Hubel;
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收录信息美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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正文语种 eng
中图分类自然科学总论;
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A big step along the visual pathway

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