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A 3.5-GYR-OLD GALAXY AT REDSHIFT 1.55

机译:REDSHIFT 1.5时有3.5年前的银河星系

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ONE of the most direct methods of constraining the epoch at which the first galaxies formed-and thereby to constrain the age of the Universe-is to identify and date the oldest galaxies at high redshift, But most distant galaxies have been identified on the basis of their abnormal brightness in some spectral region(1-4); such selection criteria are biased towards objects with pronounced nuclear activity or young star-forming systems, in which the spectral signature of older stellar populations will be concealed, Here we report the discovery of a weak and extremely red radio galaxy (53W091) at z = 1.55, and present spectroscopic evidence that its red colour results from a population of old stars, Comparing our spectral data with models of the evolution of stellar populations, we estimate that we are observing this galaxy at least 3.5 Gyr after star-formation activity ceased, This implies an extremely high formation redshift (z > 4) for 53W091 and, by inference, other elliptical galaxies. Moreover, the age of 53W091 is greater than the predicted age of the Universe at z = 1.55, under the assumption of a standard Einstein-de Sitter cosmology (for any Hubble constant greater than 50 km s(-1) Mpc(-1)), indicating that this cosmological model can be formally excluded. [References: 33]
机译:约束第一个星系形成的时代(从而约束宇宙的年龄)的最直接方法之一是,以高红移来识别最古老的星系并为其定日期,但是大多数遥远的星系都是基于它们在某些光谱区域的亮度异常(1-4);这样的选择标准偏向于具有明显核活动的物体或年轻的恒星形成系统,在该系统中将掩盖年龄较大的恒星种群的光谱特征。在这里,我们报告在z =处发现了一个弱且非常红色的射电星系(53W091)。 1.55,并提供光谱证据证明其红色是由大量旧恒星产生的,将我们的光谱数据与恒星种群的演化模型进行比较,我们估计在恒星形成活动停止后至少3.5 Gyr观测到了这个星系,这意味着53W091以及其他椭圆星系的极高编队红移(z> 4)。此外,在标准爱因斯坦-德西特宇宙论(对于任何哈勃常数大于50 km s(-1)Mpc(-1)的假设下,在z = 1.55时,53W091的年龄大于宇宙的预期年龄。 ),表明可以正式排除此宇宙学模型。 [参考:33]

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