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DIRECT RADIATIVE FORCING BY ANTHROPOGENIC AIRBORNE MINERAL AEROSOLS

机译：人为气源性矿物质气溶胶的直接辐射强迫

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摘要

AIRBORNE mineral dust can have a significant effect on the Earth's radiation budget, as it can both scatter sunlight back to space (leading to negative radiative forcing), and absorb solar and infrared radiation (leading to positive forcing)(1,2). The effects of mineral aerosols on the radiation budget are important relative to those of other types of aerosols-such as sulphate and smoke particles-due to the widespread distribution and large optical depth of mineral dust, Various human activities, such as land use practices, can result in additional loading of dust, increasing the radiative forcing, Previous studies have attempted to estimate the radiative effects of both the natural and anthropogenic components of the dust(3,4). Here we use estimates of anthropogenic dust inputs and observations of dust optical properties to show that although the key quantities contributing to the evaluation of the direct solar radiative forcing by dust generated through human activities have a wide range of uncertainty, the forcing by anthropogenically generated mineral aerosols may be comparable to the forcing by other anthropogenic aerosols, On a regional scale the forcing due to mineral aerosols can greatly exceed that due to sulphate aerosols and can be comparable to that of clouds, Our analysis enables us to highlight the key quantities that need to be better characterized to reduce the (currently large) uncertainties in these estimates. [References: 34]
机译：AIRBORNE矿物粉尘可以极大地影响地球的辐射预算，因为它既可以将阳光散射回太空（导致负辐射强迫），又可以吸收太阳和红外辐射（导致正强迫）（1,2）。相对于其他类型的气溶胶，例如硫酸盐和烟雾颗粒，矿物气溶胶对辐射预算的影响是重要的，这是由于矿物尘的广泛分布和较大的光学深度，各种人类活动（例如土地使用习惯，可能导致粉尘的额外负荷，增加辐射强迫，先前的研究已经尝试估算粉尘的自然和人为成分的辐射效应（3,4）。在这里，我们使用人为粉尘输入量的估计值和对粉尘光学特性的观察表明，尽管有助于评估人为活动产生的粉尘对太阳直接辐射强迫的关键量具有很大的不确定性，但人为产生的矿物所造成的强迫气溶胶可能与其他人为气溶胶产生的强迫作用相当。在区域范围内，矿物气溶胶产生的强迫作用可能大大超过硫酸盐气溶胶产生的作用，并且可以与云产生的作用相当。我们的分析使我们能够突出显示需要的关键量更好地表征，以减少这些估计中的（当前较大的）不确定性。 [参考：34]

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