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Regulation of neural induction by the Chd and Bmp-4 antagonistic patterning signals in Xenopus.

机译:非洲爪蟾中Chd和Bmp-4拮抗模式信号对神经诱导的调节。

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In Drosophila the amount of neurogenic ectoderm, from which the central nervous system (CNS) derives, is regulated by a dorsal-ventral system of positional information in which two secreted molecules of antagonistic functions, decapentaplegic (dpp) and short-gastrulation (sog), play fundamental roles. The vertebrate homologue of dpp is either bmp-4 or bmp-2 (ref. 5), and the homologue os sog is chd (s-chordin). In Xenopus the CNS is induced by signals emanating from the organizer, and two proteins secreted by the organizer, noggin and follistatin, have been shown to induce neural tissue in animal-cap assays. Here we report that Chd, another organizer-specific secreted factor, has neuralizing activity and that this activity can be antagonized by Bmp-4. Inhibition of the function of the endogenous Bmp-4 present in the animal cap also leads to neural differentiation. We suggest that conserved molecular mechanisms involving chd/sog and bmp-4/dpp gene products pattern the ectoderm in Xenopus and in Drosophila.
机译:在果蝇中,由中枢神经系统(CNS)产生的神经源性外胚层的数量由位置信息的背腹系统调节,在背腹系统中,有两个分泌的拮抗功能分子,即十足瘫痪(dpp)和短胃(sog) ,发挥根本作用。 dpp的脊椎动物同源物是bmp-4或bmp-2(参考文献5),而os sog的同源物是chd(s-chordin)。在非洲爪蟾中,中枢神经系统是由组织者发出的信号诱导的,在动物帽分析中,组织者分泌的两种蛋白,头蛋白和卵泡抑素已显示出诱导神经组织的作用。在这里我们报道Chd,另一个组织者特定的分泌因子,具有神经化活性,并且该活性可以被Bmp-4拮抗。抑制动物帽中存在的内源性Bmp-4的功能也会导致神经分化。我们建议保守的分子机制涉及chd / sog和bmp-4 / dpp基因产物模式在非洲爪蟾和果蝇中的外胚层。

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