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PREFERENTIAL PREDATION OF FEMALE BUTTERFLIES AND THE EVOLUTION OF BATESIAN MIMICRY

机译：女性蝶形虫的优先繁殖和贝叶斯拟态的演变

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摘要

BATEIAN mimicry, in which a palatable mimic resembles an unpalatable model, functions to protect insect mimics from birds. In butterflies that show batesian mimicry, female-limited mimicry is commom1-3. The orthodox theory to explain this is sexual selection against males4-6. In these theoretical arguments, no difference in predation pressure between the sexes was assumed, but the existence of female-biased predation would enhance the evolution of sex-limited mimicry. To test for differences in attact rate between the sexes, I examined the rates of beak marks on wings of palatable butterflies of Papilionidae and Pieridae, and unpalatable Danaidae. Here I report that females were attacked more frequently than males, though danaids mere generally attacked less. The papilionid and pierid males had low attack rates similar to those of danaid females. Analysis of a mathematical model highlighted these tendencies. Comparing a batesian mimetic species and its 'model' species, non-mimetic females were selectively attacked and the males, mimetic females and 'models' were attacked less. Therefore females benefit greatly when they become mimetic, whereas males will benefit much less should they become mimetic. Thus female-limited mimicry will be favoured even if the costs of mimicry to both sexes are the same. [References: 12]
机译：BATEIAN模仿物（其中一种可口的模仿物类似于难吃的模型）起保护昆虫模仿物不受鸟类影响的作用。在显示贝茨模仿的蝴蝶中，女性限制的模仿是commom1-3。解释这一点的正统理论是针对男性4-6的性选择。在这些理论论点中，没有假定两性之间的捕食压力有差异，但是存在女性偏见的捕食会增强有性别限制的模仿行为的演变。为了测试男女之间的动手率差异，我检查了凤蝶科和Pier蝶科以及可口的斑ana科蝶翅上的喙痕率。在这里，我报告说，女性的攻击频率要高于男性，尽管达达尼犬的攻击率通常较低。乳头状和皮状男性的攻击率与丹奈德女性相似。对数学模型的分析突出了这些趋势。比较贝茨拟态物种及其“模型”物种，非拟态雌性受到选择性攻击，而雄性，拟态雌性和“模型”受到的攻击较少。因此，女性在模仿时会受益匪浅，而男性则在模仿时受益会少得多。因此，即使模仿的成本对男女来说都是相同的，也会限制女性的模仿行为。 [参考：12]

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |1995年第6553期|p. 173-175|共3页
  • 作者

    Ohsaki N.;

  • 作者单位

    KYOTO UNIV FAC AGR ENTOMOL LAB KYOTO 606 JAPAN;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
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