Polyglots in Medieval German Literature: Outsiders, Critics, or Revolutionaries? Gottfried von Straßburg’s Tristan, Wernher the Gardener’s Meier Helmbrecht, and Oswald von Wolkenstein

Albrecht Classen

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Polyglots in Medieval German Literature: Outsiders, Critics, or Revolutionaries? Gottfried von Straßburg’s Tristan, Wernher the Gardener’s Meier Helmbrecht, and Oswald von Wolkenstein

机译：中世纪德国文学中的多语种：局外人，批评家还是革命者？戈特弗里德·冯·斯特拉斯堡（Gottfried vonStraßburg）的特里斯坦（Tristan），园丁的维尔恩（Wernher）的迈耶·赫尔姆布雷希特（Meier Helmbrecht）和奥斯瓦尔德·冯·沃尔肯斯坦（Oswald von Wolkenstein）

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Whereas the ability to speak different languages has always been regarded as a amajor intellectual accomplishment and a key tool in building bridges between cultures, the polyglot might also be in a dangerous position of belonging to no language group and being left outside of all communities. Medieval German poets were quite aware of this phenomenon, as illustrated by Gottfried of Strasbourg’s Tristan, Wernher the Gardener’s Helmbrecht, and Oswald of Wolkenstein’s maccaronic poems. Tristan knows many languages, but he does not acquire friends with his miraculous linguistic skill, and soon enough the entire court seems to hate him and makes every effort to betray this god-like but adulterous protagonist to the king. Young Helmbrecht tries to assume the posture of a polyglot, but the more he employs foreign language phrases in the exchange with his family, the more he becomes isolated and is in danger of being excluded from his old community. Oswald, on the other hand, playfully included many different language phrases in his poetry, but met with little interest among posterity. Languages are extremely important, but those who are fluent in many might find themselves without an identity and hence without a community.

机译：尽管说多种语言的能力一直被认为是一项重要的智力成就，并且是在不同文化之间架起桥梁的关键工具，但多种语言也处于处于不属于任何语言群体，被排斥在所有社区之外的危险位置。斯特拉斯堡的特里斯坦（Tristan）的戈特弗里德（Gottfried），园丁的赫尔姆布雷希特（Wernher），沃肯斯坦的马卡龙诗歌中的奥斯瓦尔德（Oswald）都说明了中世纪的德国诗人对这种现象的认识。特里斯坦（Tristan）会讲多种语言，但他并没有凭借其神奇的语言技巧结识朋友。很快，整个法院似乎都讨厌他，并尽一切努力向国王背叛了这位神似但通奸的主角。年轻的赫尔姆布雷希特（Helmbrecht）尝试采取多语种的姿势，但是他与家人交流时使用外语短语的次数越多，他越容易被孤立，并有被排斥在旧社区之外的危险。另一方面，奥斯瓦尔德（Oswald）在他的诗歌中嬉戏地包含了许多不同的语言短语，但后代对此却鲜有兴趣。语言是非常重要的，但是精通许多语言的人可能会发现自己没有身份，因此就没有社区。

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《Neophilologus》 |2007年第1期|101-115|共15页
作者
Albrecht Classen;
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Department of German Studies, University of Arizona, 301 Learning Services Building, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;

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1. Michael Seggewiß, ‘Natur’ und ‘Kultur’ im Tristan Gottfrieds von Straßburg [O] . Danielle Buschinger 2017

机译：迈克尔·塞格韦斯（MichaelSegwersiß）在Tristan的Tristan Gottbourg中的“自然”和“文化”

Polyglots in Medieval German Literature: Outsiders, Critics, or Revolutionaries? Gottfried von Straßburg’s Tristan, Wernher the Gardener’s Meier Helmbrecht, and Oswald von Wolkenstein

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