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首页> 外文期刊>New Forests >Incidence and Severity of Bean Rust (Uromyces appendiculatus) in Alleys between Leucaena Hedgerows in Kenya
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Incidence and Severity of Bean Rust (Uromyces appendiculatus) in Alleys between Leucaena Hedgerows in Kenya

机译：肯尼亚Leucaena绿篱之间的小巷中豆角锈病（Uromyces appendiculatus）的发生率和严重程度

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The effects of inter-row spacing of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit in an alley cropping system on the incidence and severity of rust (Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers.) Unger) on intercropped beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and their yield were examined over 2 years (1993 and 1994) at Chepkoilel Campus in Kenya. Each experiment consisted of three randomized blocks with treatments of three alley widths (2 m, 4 m and 8 m) and a treeless control with two intra-row spacings of Leucaena (0.5 m and 1.0 m). Hedgerows were coppiced at 1.0 m height and pruned subsequently at 2–3 months intervals. No fertilizer was applied but Leucaena loppings were incorporated as green leaf manure. Rust on beans was assessed at three growth stages in each season, using the Centro International de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT) scales. Microclimate was monitored in treatments, in 1994. Bean growth and yield were also measured. Rust increased with increasing alley width and was less severe in bean rows adjacent to hedgerows. Bean yield was highest in the treeless control plots and declined with decreasing alley width. Beans in 2 m alleys had significantly lower (p < 0.05) yields than 8 m alleys and treeless control plots. Bean growth was greatly modified in 2 m alleys and close to hedgerows. Light availability and diurnal temperature increased with alley width but relative humidity and leaf wetness duration decreased. Proximity to hedgerows also had marked effect on microclimate. The changes in yield, rust incidence and severity were examined in relation to microclimate, inoculum survival and dispersal.
机译：胡同种植系统中白桦的行间间距对间作豆类（菜豆）锈病（锈菌）的发生率和严重程度的影响及其产量在肯尼亚Chepkoilel校园进行了为期2年（1993年和1994年）的检查。每个实验均由三个随机区组成，分别处理三个胡同宽度（2 m，4 m和8 m）和一个无树对照，其中两个行间距的Leucaena（0.5 m和1.0 m）。篱笆树的高度为1.0 m，随后以2-3个月的间隔修剪。没有施肥，但将白叶芥作为绿叶肥料掺入。使用热带农业国际中心（CIAT）等级，在每个季节的三个生长阶段评估了豆锈病。 1994年在处理过程中监测了小气候。还测量了豆类的生长和单产。铁锈随着胡同宽度的增加而增加，在与树篱相邻的豆行中锈病的严重程度则较小。豆类产量在无树对照地块中最高，但随着胡同宽度的减小而下降。 2 m小巷中的豆类产量显着低于（p <0.05）8 m小巷和无树对照地块。在2 m的小巷中和靠近树篱处，豆子的生长都发生了很大的变化。光照效率和昼夜温度随胡同宽度的增加而增加，但相对湿度和叶片湿润持续时间减少。接近树篱对小气候也有显着影响。检查了产量，锈蚀发生率和严重性的变化与小气候，接种物存活和扩散的关系。

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