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Development Roadmap and Business Case for a Private Mars Settlement

机译：私人火星解决方案的发展路线图和商业案例

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Mars has long been considered the next target for human spaceflight after the Apollo missions. NASA has made this clear in the past, with their many architecture proposals for crewed Mars missions. All these proposals, from the Space Exploration Initiative to the current Journey to Mars, highlight the priorities and constraints of a government agency: extreme risk aversion, long development times, and risk mitigation and science maximization through high mission cost. The lack of a need for revenue and an expected financial security can also be seen in the architectures, which pay little attention to financial feasibility, and focus on technical aspects. Despite all this planning, government agencies have accomplished little beyond Low Earth Orbit since Apollo due to political interests and instability. A fully public mission to Mars seems always further away, and little progress seems to be done in that regard by the public agencies. In recent years, a new approach to space has appeared in the form of the New Space companies. These companies enjoy some advantages over government agencies: clear strategic goals, financial stability, and higher tolerance to risk. These are created by the private source of funding, which requires a source of revenue and a business plan, and is relatively independent of public opinion, which allows the companies to take higher risks without justifying their expenses to the public. Private companies have also shown in recent years that they have the technical abilities to produce space hardware of the same quality as government agencies, with a surge of a new generation of rockets and satellites, so it would seem that they are better posed than these agencies to undertake a mission to Mars. The only piece missing is the business plan that would allow a private company to fund itself during the process. This project studied the business case for a private Mars colony, considering technical and economic constraints. It defines a possible architecture and business plan, identifying sources of revenue and customers, and technical constraints. The project evaluates the feasibility of a short-term business case based on Mars resources. The author intends to show the other extreme of Mars architectures: fully private funding and very time constrained. This would add a new point of view to the field, and hopefully lead us to the much desired human landing on our red neighbor in the near future. This project was completed as the author's individual project on the Master of Space Studies at the International Space University in Strasbourg, France.
机译：长期以来，人们一直认为火星是阿波罗飞行任务之后的下一个人类航天目标。美国国家航空航天局（NASA）过去曾用载人火星任务的许多架构建议明确指出了这一点。从太空探索计划到当前的《火星之旅》，所有这些建议都强调了政府机构的优先事项和局限性：极端的风险规避，漫长的开发时间以及通过高昂的任务成本来减轻风险和实现科学最大化。在体系结构中也可以看到缺乏收入和预期的财务安全性，这些体系结构很少关注财务可行性，而侧重于技术方面。尽管进行了所有这些计划，但自从阿波罗以来，由于政治利益和动荡，政府机构在“低地球轨道”之外的成就甚微。对火星进行全面的公共任务似乎总是遥不可及，公共机构在这方面似乎没有取得什么进展。近年来，以新太空公司的形式出现了一种新的太空方法。与政府机构相比，这些公司具有一些优势：清晰的战略目标，财务稳定性和更高的风险承受能力。这些是由私人资金来源创建的，这需要收入来源和业务计划，并且相对独立于公众舆论，这使公司可以承担更高的风险，而无需向公众证明其开支合理。近年来，私营公司还表明，他们具备生产与政府机构同等质量的太空硬件的技术能力，并且涌现出新一代的火箭和卫星，因此，与这些机构相比，它们似乎更具优势。承担前往火星的任务。唯一缺少的是商业计划，该计划将允许私营公司在此过程中自筹资金。该项目考虑了技术和经济限制，研究了火星私人殖民地的商业案例。它定义了可能的体系结构和业务计划，确定收入和客户来源以及技术约束。该项目根据火星资源评估短期商业案例的可行性。作者打算展示火星体系结构的另一个极端：完全由私人提供资金，而且时间有限。这将为该领域增添新的视角，并希望在不久的将来将我们带到我们迫切需要的人类降落在我们的红色邻居上。该项目作为作者在法国斯特拉斯堡国际空间大学获得空间研究硕士学位的个人项目而完成。

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