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首页> 外文期刊>Nonlinear dynamics, psychology and life sciences >Constraints-induced Emergence of Functional Novelty in Complex Neurobiological Systems: A Basis for Creativity in Sport
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Constraints-induced Emergence of Functional Novelty in Complex Neurobiological Systems: A Basis for Creativity in Sport

机译：约束诱导的复杂神经生物学系统中的功能新颖性的出现：运动创造力的基础

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摘要

In this paper we present a model of creativity captured as exploration and production of novel and functionally efficient behaviors, based on the statistical mechanics of disordered systems. In support of the modelling, we highlight examples of creative behaviors from our research in sports like boxing and rugby union. Our experimental results show how manipulation of practice task constraints changes the exploratory breadth of the hierarchically soft-assembled action landscape. Because of action metastability and differing task constraints, the specificity of each assembled movement configuration is unique. Empirically, a movement pattern's degree of novelty may be assessed by the value of the order parameter describing action. We show that creative and adaptive movement behavior may be induced by at least two types of interventions, based on relaxing task constraints which we term direct and indirect. Direct relaxing is typically a function of changing task constraints so that the number of affordances that can satisfy goal constraints increases. Indirect relaxing of constraints occurs when a habitual action is suppressed by, for example, stringent instructional constraints during sports training. That suppression simultaneously relaxes other correlated constraints that enable larger exploratory capacity and new affordances to emerge for the athlete or team.
机译：在本文中，我们基于无序系统的统计机制，提出了一种创新性模型，该模型被捕获为对新颖且功能有效的行为的探索和产生。为了支持建模，我们重点介绍了我们在拳击和橄榄球联合会等体育运动研究中的创造性行为示例。我们的实验结果表明，对练习任务约束的操纵如何改变分层的软装配式动作环境的探索广度。由于动作的亚稳定性和不同的任务约束，每个组装动作配置的特异性都是唯一的。根据经验，可以通过描述动作的顺序参数的值来评估运动模式的新颖性。我们表明，基于放松的任务约束（我们称之为直接和间接），创意和适应性运动行为可能会受到至少两种类型的干预的诱导。直接放宽通常是更改任务约束条件的功能，因此可以满足目标约束条件的负担能力增加。当例如在运动训练期间通过严格的指导约束抑制习惯动作时，会间接放松约束。这种压制同时放宽了其他相关的约束条件，从而使运动员或团队拥有更大的探索能力和新的负担能力。

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