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Validity limits of the passive treatment of impurities in gyrokinetic tokamak simulations

机译：动力学托卡马克模拟中杂质被动处理的有效限值

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摘要

In gyrokinetic simulations of turbulent impurity transport, trace impurity species are often treated as passive species, in the sense that they are not included in Maxwell equations. This is consistent with the assumption that impurities with low enough concentrations are impacted by turbulence generated by electrons and main ions, but do not impact it significantly in return. In this work, we relax this assumption, and investigate the active impacts of impurity on impurity transport as a function of its concentration, in the presence of trapped-particle-driven turbulence. We focus on W~(40+) tungsten, which is relevant for modern tokamaks, and adopt a reduced gyrokinetic bounce-averaged model for trapped particles in a simplified tokamak geometry. The impacts depend on the relationship between equilibrium density gradient and temperature gradient. When these gradients are equal, we observe that tungsten can be treated as a passive species for concentrations below 2 x 10~(-4). Above this concentration, the impurity significantly impacts both density and heat transport, essentially quenching them for concentrations above 10~(-3). This quenching occurs as electric potential fluctuations become in phase with impurity density fluctuations.
机译：在湍流杂质运移的动力学模拟中，痕量杂质物质通常被视为被动物质，因为它们不包括在麦克斯韦方程组中。这与以下假设是一致的：足够低浓度的杂质会受到电子和主离子产生的湍流的影响，但不会对其产生重大影响。在这项工作中，我们放宽了这个假设，并研究了在存在被捕获粒子驱动的湍流的情况下，杂质对杂质迁移的积极影响及其浓度的函数。我们关注与现代托卡马克相关的W〜（40+）钨，并采用简化的托卡马克几何形状的滞回动量反弹平均模型来捕获颗粒。影响取决于平衡密度梯度和温度梯度之间的关系。当这些梯度相等时，我们观察到钨可被视为浓度低于2 x 10〜（-4）的钝态物质。高于此浓度，杂质会显着影响密度和热传递，对于浓度高于10〜（-3）的物质，基本上会淬灭它们。当电势波动与杂质密度波动同相时，就会发生这种猝灭。

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  • 来源
    《Nuclear fusion》 |2020年第3期|036016 (13pp).1-036016 (13pp).13|共13页
  • 作者

  • 作者单位

    Institut Jean Lamour Universite de Lorraine 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy Cedex France;

    NIFS Tajimi Japan;

    CNRS M2P2 13451 Marseille France;

    CEA IRFM 13108 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance Cedex France;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    tungsten; impurity transport; tokamaks; TEM;

    机译：钨杂质传输托卡马克透射电镜;

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