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Burning plasma simulation and environmental assessment of tokamak, spherical tokamak and helical reactors

机译:托卡马克,球形托卡马克和螺旋反应器的燃烧等离子体模拟和环境评估

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摘要

Reference 1 -GWe DT reactors (tokamak TR-1, spherical tokamak ST-1 and helical HR-1 reactors) are designed using physics, engineering and cost (PEC) code, and their plasma behaviours with internal transport barrier operations are analysed using toroidal transport analysis linkage (TOTAL) code, which clarifies the requirement of deep penetration of pellet fuelling to realize steady-state advanced burning operation. In addition, economical and environmental assessments were performed using extended PEC code, which shows the advantage of high beta tokamak reactors in the cost of electricity (COE) and the advantage of compact spherical tokamak in life-cycle CO_2 emission reduction. Comparing with other electric power generation systems, the COE of the fusion reactor is higher than that of the fission reactor, but on the same level as the oil thermal power system. CO_2 reduction can be achieved in fusion reactors the same as in the fission reactor. The energy payback ratio of the high-beta tokamak reactor TR-1 could be higher than that of other systems including the fission reactor.
机译:参考1 -GWe DT反应堆(托卡马克TR-1,球形托卡马克ST-1和螺旋HR-1反应堆)是根据物理,工程和成本(PEC)规范设计的,并使用环形分析了它们的等离子体行为以及内部运输屏障的运行运输分析链接(TOTAL)代码,阐明了颗粒燃料加深渗透以实现稳态高级燃烧操作的要求。此外,使用扩展的PEC代码进行了经济和环境评估,显示了高β托卡马克反应堆在电力成本(COE)方面的优势,以及紧凑型球形托卡马克在生命周期内CO_2减排方面的优势。与其他发电系统相比,聚变反应堆的COE高于裂变反应堆的COE,但与石油火力发电系统的COE处于同一水平。与裂变反应堆一样,在聚变反应堆中可以实现CO_2的减少。高β托卡马克反应堆TR-1的能量回收率可能高于裂变反应堆等其他系统的能量回收率。

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