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Plasma current start-up experiments without the central solenoid in the TST-2 spherical tokamak

机译：TST-2球形托卡马克中没有中央螺线管的等离子电流启动实验

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Several techniques for initiating the plasma current without the use of the central solenoid are being developed in TST-2. While TST-2 was temporarily located at Kyushu University, two types of start-up scenarios were demonstrated. (1) A plasma current of 4 kA was generated and sustained for 0.28 s by either electron cyclotron wave or electron Bernstein wave, without induction. (2) A plasma current of 10 kA was obtained transiently by induction using only outboard poloidal field coils. In the second scenario, it is important to supply sufficient power for ionization (100 kW of EC power was sufficient in this case), since the vertical field during start-up is not adequate to maintain plasma equilibrium. In addition, electron heating experiments using the X-B mode conversion scenario were performed, and a heating efficiency of 60% was observed at a 100 kW RF power level. TST-2 is now located at the Kashiwa Campus of the University of Tokyo. Significant upgrades were made in both magnetic coil power supplies and RF systems, and plasma experiments have restarted. RF power of up to 400 kW is available in the high-harmonic fast wave frequency range around 20 MHz. Four 200 MHz transmitters are now being prepared for plasma current start-up experiments using RF power in the lower-hybrid frequency range. Preparations are in progress for a new plasma merging experiment (UTST) aimed at the formation and sustainment of ultra-high beta ST plasmas.
机译：在TST-2中，开发了几种无需使用中央螺线管即可启动等离子体电流的技术。 TST-2暂时位于九州大学时，演示了两种类型的启动方案。 （1）在没有感应的情况下，通过电子回旋波或电子伯恩斯坦波产生了4 kA的等离子体电流，并维持了0.28 s。 （2）仅使用舷外的极场线圈通过感应获得了10 kA的等离子体电流。在第二种情况下，重要的是要为电离提供足够的功率（在这种情况下，100 kW的EC功率就足够了），因为启动期间的垂直场不足以维持等离子体平衡。另外，进行了使用X-B模式转换方案的电子加热实验，在100 kW射频功率水平下观察到60％的加热效率。 TST-2现在位于东京大学柏市校区。电磁线圈电源和RF系统都进行了重大升级，等离子实验已经重新开始。在20 MHz附近的高谐波快波频率范围内，可提供高达400 kW的RF功率。现在正在准备使用低混合频率范围内的RF功率准备四个200 MHz发射机用于等离子体电流启动实验。正在进行新的等离子体合并实验（UTST）的准备工作，该实验旨在形成和维持超高βST等离子体。

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