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首页> 外文期刊>Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. B, Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms >An apparatus for measuring the energy and angular distribution of secondary electrons emitted from water vapor by fast heavy-ion impact
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An apparatus for measuring the energy and angular distribution of secondary electrons emitted from water vapor by fast heavy-ion impact

机译：一种通过快速重离子撞击测量水蒸气发射的二次电子的能量和角分布的装置

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摘要

An apparatus has been built to measure the doubly differential cross-section of electron emission from water vapor with fast heavy-ion impact (6-25 MeV/u). Ejected electrons are detected by a Chevron-type microchannel plate assembly after being analyzed by a 45degrees inclined parallel-plate electrostatic spectrometer, which is rotatable from 200 to 1600 with respect to the incident-beam direction. The scattering chamber is made of iron, and both the electron spectrometer and the detector assembly are mounted in a p-metal housing in order to suppress the effects of stray magnetic fields (including that of Earth). Water vapor is emitted into the interaction region from a nozzle of 1 x 15 mm(2) aperture, and is instantly frozen and trapped as ice on a stainless-steel panel, which is cooled by liquid N-2. With this water-vapor generation and collection system, a stable water-vapor jet (10(-2)-10(-3) Torr) was obtained without deteriorating the pressure in the scattering chamber (similar to4 x 10(-7) Torr with a vapor flow of 40.0 cc/min). Using the present apparatus, we have successfully measured the energy and angular distribution (7-10,000 eV and 20-160degrees) of secondary electrons produced in the collision of a 6.0-MeV/u He2+ ion with water vapor; binary-encounter collision peaks were clearly observed at the several keV region for angles smaller than 90degrees, as well as the K-LL Auger peak of oxygen at similar to500 eV for all angles. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：已经建立了一种装置，该装置可以测量具有重离子快速冲击（6-25 MeV / u）的水蒸气电子发射的双微分截面。射出的电子在45度倾斜平行板静电光谱仪上进行分析后，由Chevron型微通道板组件进行检测，该电子谱仪可以相对于入射束方向从200旋转到1600。散射室由铁制成，电子光谱仪和检测器组件均安装在p金属外壳中，以抑制杂散磁场（包括地球磁场）的影响。水蒸气从1 x 15 mm（2）孔径的喷嘴排放到相互作用区域中，并立即冻结并像冰一样被捕获在不锈钢面板上，该不锈钢面板由液态N-2冷却。使用该水蒸气发生和收集系统，可以获得稳定的水蒸气射流（10（-2）-10（-3）托），而不会降低散射室中的压力（类似于4 x 10（-7）托）蒸汽流量为40.0 cc / min）。使用本装置，我们成功地测量了6.0-MeV / u He2 +离子与水蒸气的碰撞中产生的二次电子的能量和角分布（7-10,000 eV和20-160度）。对于小于90度的角度，在几个keV区域清楚地观察到二元相遇碰撞峰，并且在所有角度下，氧气的K-LL Auger峰均相似于500 eV。 （C）2004 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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