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首页> 外文期刊>Ocean & coastal management >Recapturing fish escapes from coastal farms in the western Mediterranean Sea: Insights for potential contingency plans
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Recapturing fish escapes from coastal farms in the western Mediterranean Sea: Insights for potential contingency plans

机译：捕获地中海西部沿海农场的鱼类逃逸：潜在应急计划的见解

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Escape incidents of farmed fish involve economic losses to fish farms, interactions with local fisheries and environmental impacts to coastal ecosystems. More attention should clearly be paid to preventive measures. It is also essential to develop and establish contingency plans in case of escapes, to mitigate potentially negative socioeconomic and environmental impacts. Three mark-and-recapture experiments simulating escape incidents of sea bass (N = 1000 ind.), sea bream (N = 1000 ind.) and meagre (N = 1000 intl.) were carried out at three coastal fish farms located along the Mediterranean Coast of Spain. First, targeted experimental fishing trials in collaboration with artisanal netters were attempted at each location as potential fast-response contingency plans for recapturing escapees. Targeted fishing was successful on meagre (N = 38 ind., CPUE: 2.2 ind 10 m(-2) h(-1)) and sea bream (N = 8 ind., CPUE: 1.3 ind 10 m(-2) h(-1)), while no sea bass were recaptured. Secondly, recaptures reported from local fishermen (professional and recreational) during the study period were also considered. Altogether, total recapture rates were similar among the three species (sea bass: 5.4%; sea bream: 7.1%; meagre: 8.7%), although the spatial and temporal observations of recaptures varied among species. Recreational fishermen were the only contributors, recapturing 54 tagged sea bass (angling: 85%; spear-fishing: 15%) in mainly shallow coastal waters and about three km distance from the fish-farm during the weeks after release. A total of 71 escaped sea bream were recaptured by both recreational and artisanal fishermen, contributing similarly (recapture rates: 47.9% and 40.8% of total, respectively). Most sea bream recaptures were during the first nine days after release (86% of total recaptures), mainly near the farm facilities (< 3 km). The bulk of meagre recaptures were during the first two days after release (> 95%), mainly by experimental and artisanal netting (38 and 47 individuals respectively) again near the facility. In parallel, an underwater visual census was carried out at coastal locations and Natura 2000 sites in each study area, to assess the presence of escapees in marine habitats of special interest. Neither escaped sea bass nor escaped meagre were observed during underwater surveys, and only three tagged sea bream were found together at artificial reefs. Given that recaptures of tagged fish differed among fish species and fishing techniques following simulated escape incidents at W-Mediterranean coastal facilities, diverse potential contingency plans are here discussed.
机译：养殖鱼类逃逸事件涉及养鱼场的经济损失，与当地渔业的相互作用以及对沿海生态系统的环境影响。显然应更加注意预防措施。同样重要的是，要制定和建立应急计划，以逃生，以减轻潜在的负面社会经济和环境影响。在沿海岸的三个沿海养鱼场进行了三个标记和捕获实验，模拟了鲈鱼（N = 1000 ind。），鲷鱼（N = 1000 ind。）和微薄鱼（N = 1000 intl。）的逃逸事件。西班牙的地中海海岸。首先，在每个地点都尝试与手工渔网合作进行有针对性的实验性捕捞试验，以作为重新捕获逃生者的潜在快速应变计划。在微薄的捕捞成功（N = 38英寸，CPUE：2.2英寸10 m（-2）h（-1））和鲷鱼（N = 8英寸，CPUE：1.3英寸10 m（-2）h （-1）），而没有捕获鲈鱼。其次，还考虑了研究期间当地渔民（专业和休闲）报告的捕获。尽管三个物种的重新捕获的时空变化各不相同，但三种物种的总重新捕获率相似（鲈鱼：5.4％；鲷鱼：7.1％；微薄：8.7％）。休闲渔民是唯一的贡献者，在主要是浅水沿岸水域捕获了54种带标签的鲈鱼（垂钓：85％；长矛捕捞：15％），在放行后的几周内距鱼场约三公里。休闲渔民和手工渔民共捕获了71只逃逸的鲷鱼，其捕捞贡献也相似（分别占总捕获率的47.9％和40.8％）。大部分鲷鱼捕捞是在释放后的前九天内（占捕捞总量的86％），主要是在养殖场附近（<3 km）。大量的微薄捕捞是在释放后的头两天（> 95％），主要是通过再次在工厂附近进行的实验和手工网捕（分别为38和47个人）。同时，在每个研究区域的沿海地点和Natura 2000地点进行了水下视觉普查，以评估特别关注的海洋栖息地中逃生者的存在。在水下调查中，未发现逃逸的鲈鱼或逃逸的微薄鱼，在人工鱼礁上仅发现了三个带标签的鲷鱼。鉴于在W-Mediterranean沿海设施发生模拟逃生事件后，不同种类和捕捞技术对标记鱼的捕获有所不同，因此在此讨论了各种潜在的应急计划。

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