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Ecosystem services provided by coral reefs in a Southwestern Atlantic Archipelago

机译：西南大西洋群岛的珊瑚礁提供的生态系统服务

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Coral reefs provide important ecosystem services to coastal communities. The Archipelago of Tinhare and Boipeba, Bahia, Brazil, are mostly surrounded by fringing reefs, which have undergone several chronic human impacts. The objective of the present study was to apply an ecosystem-based approach by analyzing the ecosystem services provided by the coral reefs of the Archipelago of Tinhare and Boipeba in order to support management actions and serve as a tool for coastal management. Ecosystem services were assessed through the observation of environmental indicators of their occurrence and by using a suite of models from the Integrated Valuation of Environmental Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) software combined with data from the Atlantic and Gulf Rapid Reef Assessment (AGRRA) protocol database. The services of greatest occurrence were food provision, habitat maintenance, shoreline protection and recreation. While the main stressful factors were tourism activities, the absence of a sewage system and fisheries. The coral reefs presented potential for shoreline protection along 50.5% of the islands. Moreover, 46.8% of the shoreline would present moderate to high vulnerability in case of coral reef disappearance. The coincidence of areas with high risk of loss in the capacity to provide services and high vulnerability in the scenario of absence of reefs is concerning. Thus, the current model for tourism used in the area should be altered, as should new management strategies be implemented, which can bring benefits and avoid reef decline. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：珊瑚礁为沿海社区提供了重要的生态系统服务。巴西巴伊亚州的丁哈尔（Tinhare）群岛和博佩巴群岛（Boipeba）大多被边缘珊瑚礁包围，这些边缘珊瑚礁已遭受了数次长期性的人类影响。本研究的目的是通过分析Tinhare和Boipeba群岛的珊瑚礁提供的生态系统服务，采用基于生态系统的方法，以支持管理行动并作为沿海管理的工具。生态系统服务是通过观察环境事件发生的环境指标并使用环境服务和权衡综合评估（InVEST）软件中的一组模型，并结合大西洋和海湾快速礁石评估（AGRRA）协议数据库中的数据进行评估的。最常见的服务是食物供应，栖息地维护，海岸线保护和娱乐。虽然主要压力因素是旅游活动，但没有污水处理系统和渔业。珊瑚礁为50.5％的岛屿提供了海岸线保护的潜力。此外，在珊瑚礁消失的情况下，46.8％的海岸线将呈现中度至高度脆弱性。在没有珊瑚礁的情况下，提供服务的能力丧失风险高和脆弱性高的地区的巧合令人担忧。因此，应该改变该地区目前的旅游模式，并应实施新的管理策略，以带来收益并避免珊瑚礁下降。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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