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首页> 外文期刊>Ocean & coastal management >Artisanal shark fishing in the Louisiade Archipelago, Papua New Guinea: Socio-economic characteristics and management options
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Artisanal shark fishing in the Louisiade Archipelago, Papua New Guinea: Socio-economic characteristics and management options

机译：巴布亚新几内亚路易斯亚德群岛的手工鲨鱼捕捞：社会经济特征和管理选择

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Small-scale shark fisheries in Papua New Guinea have developed rapidly and are largely unmanaged. While shark species are vulnerable to overexploitation, local fishers who depend on shark fin for income also have limited alternative income options. This implies a difficult trade-off for policy makers between conservation and community welfare. A case study of shark fishing activities in the Louisiade Archipelago of the Milne Bay Province, a major small-scale shark fin producing region, is presented to inform such trade-offs. The region has experienced a significant reduction in available income opportunities due to the recent closure of the local sea cucumber fishery in 2009. While it had been widely assumed that shark fin production and income was likely to have escalated in the region to replace lost sea cucumber income, our model of small-scale shark fin production shows that quarterly dried fin production was in fact, on average, 68 kg higher while the sea cucumber fishery operated (holding all else constant). Furthermore, annual shark fin income is estimated to have fallen by 75% following the sea cucumber fishery closure. Falling prices and a decline in market access resulting from the closure of the sea cucumber fishery appear to be the major drivers of the fall in shark fin production. These factors have been accentuated by the geographical isolation of Louisiade communities, high fuel costs and the low economic returns associated with the sale of shark fin (relative to sea cucumber). The influence of market access on shark fin production is also reflected in the modelled increase in shark fin production (119 kg per quarter on average) that occurred with the introduction of a transport boat in the region. Market access is likely to further improve, particularly if the sea cucumber fishery is reopened and/or shark fin prices increase. Therefore, low-cost, community-based management of shark resources based on the allocation of allowable shark catches to ward communities is recommended. Such an approach takes advantage of the communal characteristics of the local island communities as well as the fishery data collection and monitoring mechanisms that are already being used by the local government. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：巴布亚新几内亚的小型鲨鱼捕捞业发展迅速，而且基本上没有管理。尽管鲨鱼种类容易受到过度开发的影响，但依靠鱼翅谋取收入的当地渔民的替代收入选择也很有限。这意味着决策者在保护和社区福利之间难以取舍。提出了在米尔恩湾省路易斯安娜德群岛鲨鱼捕捞活动的案例研究，米尔恩湾省是一个主要的小规模鱼翅生产地区，旨在为这种取舍提供依据。由于2009年当地海参渔业最近关闭，该地区可利用的收入机会大大减少。人们普遍认为，该地区鱼翅的生产和收入可能会增加，以替代失去的海参。我们的小规模鱼翅生产模型显示，实际上，每季度干鳍生产平均要高出68公斤，而海参渔业却运转（其他所有要素保持不变）。此外，在关闭海参渔业之后，鱼翅的年收入估计下降了75％。海参渔业关闭导致价格下跌和市场准入下降似乎是鱼翅产量下降的主要驱动力。 Louisiade社区的地理隔离，高昂的燃料成本以及与鱼翅（相对于海参）的销售相关的低经济收益加剧了这些因素。市场准入对鱼翅生产的影响也反映在该地区引进运输船而产生的鱼翅生产的模拟增长（平均每季度119公斤）。市场准入可能会进一步改善，特别是如果重新开放海参渔业和/或鱼翅价格上涨。因此，建议基于允许的鲨鱼捕捞量分配给病房社区的低成本，基于社区的鲨鱼资源管理。这种方法利用了当地岛屿社区的社区特征以及地方政府已经使用的渔业数据收集和监测机制。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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