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首页> 外文期刊>Ocean & coastal management >Density decrease in an exploited population of brown sea cucumber Isostichopus fuscus in a biosphere reserve from the Baja California peninsula, Mexico
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Density decrease in an exploited population of brown sea cucumber Isostichopus fuscus in a biosphere reserve from the Baja California peninsula, Mexico

机译：来自墨西哥下加利福尼亚半岛生物圈保护区的褐海参Isostichopus fuscus的开发种群密度降低

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The sea cucumber Isostichopus fuscus (Ludwig, 1875) has been exploited, legally, and illegally, on the Baja California peninsula since 1988. The fishery was closed in 1994 due to overfishing symptoms but reopened in 2007 under management strategies and harvesting permits. Nocturnal samplings surveyed abundance, size and weight of 1. fuscus. Density, proportion of individuals above the minimum size for fishing (MSF), weight length relationship parameters, relative condition index (Kn), parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth equation (VBGE), individual and average age from the VBGE, natural mortality rate (M) and survival percentage cohort were estimated from the data set for the population in 2005 2007, and compared with the same population in 2013 at the Biosphere Reserve Bahia de los Angeles. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted to obtain the stakeholders' perspectives and opinions about the fishery. There were no significant differences in the weight length relationship (W = 7.17.L-129), relative condition index (Kn = 1.08), and parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth equation (L-infinity = 35.74 cm, K = 0.26 y(-1)), between the study periods. The population in the 2005-2007 period was mainly constituted by individuals <20 cm in length (90%), probably due to intensive poaching. Only 10% of the population was in the reproductive age (4-5 y; 21 cm), and juveniles were observed (4%). The mean length and proportion of individuals >= 20 cm in length increased in the 2013 samplings (17.8 +/- 3.8 cm and 35%), although observed mean length is shorter than minimum size for fishing and size at first maturity. On the other hand, density decreased in 2013 (0.15 +/- 0.01 ind m(-2)), compared to the 2005-2007 period (0.27 +/- 0.04 ind m(-2)). Interviewees agreed that poaching was the main problem for the fishery, as well as the difficulty for fishers to obtain their own harvesting permits, because they were dependent on the permits holders to operate. Our results corroborated that the growth rate and mortality rate of the 1. fuscus population in its northernmost geographical distribution were similar to those from southern locations. However, the observed values of the density and mean length were well below those previously registered in Bahia de los Angeles or in other localities, and may compromise reproductive success, because low recruitment was observed. Some actions are proposed for the sustainable management of this resource. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：海参Isostichopus fuscus（路德维希，1875年）自1988年以来一直在合法地和非法地在下加利福尼亚半岛被开采。由于过度捕捞的症状，该渔业于1994年关闭，但根据管理战略和收获许可，该渔业于2007年重新开放。夜间采样调查了1.紫us的丰度，大小和重量。密度，大于最小捕鱼量的个体比例（MSF），体重长度关系参数，相对状况指数（Kn），von Bertalanffy生长方程（VBGE）的参数，VBGE的个体和平均年龄，自然死亡率（ M）和存活百分率队列是根据2005年至2007年人口数据集估算的，并与2013年洛杉矶生物圈保护区巴伊亚州的同一人口进行比较。还进行了半结构化访谈，以获取利益相关者对渔业的观点和看法。体重长度关系（W = 7.17.L-129），相对条件指数（Kn = 1.08）和von Bertalanffy生长方程的参数（L-无穷大= 35.74 cm，K = 0.26 y（ -1）），在学习期间之间。 2005-2007年期间的人口主要由长度小于20厘米（90％）的个体组成，这可能是由于大量偷猎所致。仅有10％的人口处于育龄阶段（4-5岁； 21厘米），观察到了未成年人（4％）。尽管观察到的平均长度短于捕鱼的最小尺寸和首次成熟时的尺寸，但在2013年的采样中，平均长度和> 20 cm长度的个体比例有所增加（17.8 +/- 3.8 cm和35％）。另一方面，与2005-2007年期间（0.27 +/- 0.04 ind m（-2））相比，2013年的密度下降（0.15 +/- 0.01 ind m（-2））。受访者一致认为，偷猎是渔业的主要问题，也是渔民难以获得自己的收获许可证的原因，因为他们依赖许可证持有者的经营。我们的结果证实了1.富国种群在其最北端的地理分布中的增长率和死亡率与南部地区的相似。但是，观察到的密度和平均长度值远低于先前在洛杉矶巴伊亚州或其他地方记录的密度和平均长度，并且由于观察到的募集率低，可能会损害生殖成功。建议采取一些行动来可持续管理该资源。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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