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Coastal multi-hazard vulnerability assessment along the Ganges deltaic coast of Bangladesh-A geospatial approach

机译：孟加拉国恒河三角洲沿海多灾种脆弱性评估-地理空间方法

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摘要

It is ironic that countries that are least responsible for or insignificant contributors to global climate change, are in fact, the most susceptible to its harmful impact. The Ganges deltaic coast, one of the largest sediment depocentres with the 286 km long coastline of Bangladesh, faces potentially multi-hazard threat due to climatic change. This study attempted to develop a coastal vulnerability index (CVI) by using seven physical parameters namely: (a) geomorphology; (b) coastal slope; (c) shoreline change rate; (d) rate of sea level change; (e) mean tide range; (f) bathymetry; and (g) storm surge height. These variables are considered as relative risk parameters and integrated through geospatial techniques (i.e., remote sensing and GIS), and then ranked to estimate the degree of coastline vulnerability to sea level rise. The entire coastline is ranked in accordance with multi-hazard vulnerability and the results reveal that 20.1% of the shoreline (57.9 km of total coastline in the Ganges delta) is very highly vulnerable, whilst 17.5% of shoreline (50.0 km) is estimated to be highly vulnerable. In contrast, 21.5% of the entire shoreline (61.3 km) is moderately vulnerable, whereas approximately 56.6 km (19.7%) and 60.4 km (21.2%) of the total shorelines are in low and very low vulnerability categories, respectively. The results of the CVI are expected to provide a clear picture for predicting future recession of shorelines; hence the outcome of this study can be used as an important tool by coastal managers for developing sustainable resources management practices. Furthermore, this study also offers a framework for prioritizing actions to enhance a community's resilience or to assist in developing appropriate adaptive measures as part of disaster risk reduction initiative. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：具有讽刺意味的是，对全球气候变化负有最少责任或贡献不大的国家实际上最容易受到其有害影响。恒河三角洲海岸是孟加拉国海岸线长达286公里的最大沉积物沉积中心之一，由于气候变化，它面临着潜在的多灾种威胁。这项研究试图通过使用七个物理参数来开发沿海脆弱性指数（CVI）：（a）地貌； （b）沿海斜坡； （c）海岸线变化率； （d）海平面变化率； （e）平均潮差； （f）测深； （g）风暴潮的高度。这些变量被视为相对风险参数，并通过地理空间技术（即遥感和GIS）进行了综合，然后进行排名以估计海岸线对海平面上升的脆弱程度。根据多灾种脆弱性对整个海岸线进行排名，结果显示，海岸线的20.1％（恒河三角洲总海岸线的57.9公里）非常脆弱，而海岸线的17.5％（50.0公里）估计为高度脆弱高度脆弱。相比之下，整个海岸线的21.5％（61.3 km）为中度脆弱性，而总海岸线的分别约56.6 km（19.7％）和60.4 km（21.2％）属于低脆弱性类别和极低脆弱性类别。预期CVI的结果将为预测海岸线的未来衰退提供清晰的画面；因此，这项研究的结果可以被沿海管理者用作开发可持续资源管理实践的重要工具。此外，本研究还提供了一个框架，可作为优先事项，以优先采取措施来增强社区的应变能力，或协助制定适当的适应性措施，作为减少灾害风险计划的一部分。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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