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首页> 外文期刊>Ocean & coastal management >The potential for vessel noise to mask biologically important sounds within ecologically significant embayments
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The potential for vessel noise to mask biologically important sounds within ecologically significant embayments

机译：船只噪声可能掩盖具有重要生态意义的屏障中的重要生物声音

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With underwater sound levels rising due to increasing vessel activity, there is a pressing need to better understand the potential distances for which masking impacts on acoustically sensitive marine life may occur, especially in embayments with shipping activity. Given the known detrimental noise impacts on the marine environment, managing underwater noise pollution has been identified as a pressing conservation issue. Therefore, baseline underwater noise measurements from a range of vessels in the Hauraki Gulf Marine Park, a large and ecologically significant embayment (1.2 M Ha) in New Zealand, were undertaken and used to estimate detection distances for which potential auditory masking in dolphins, fish and crustaceans is expected. Sound pressure measurements and octave analyses of recorded vessel noise revealed considerable energy below 5 kHz at source levels of approximately 30 dB above the highest threshold in dolphins and fish. Measureable increases to background sound levels below 5 kHz of at least 54 +/- 5.8 dB (mean +/- SD) at the source were estimated to have a masking effect inside a minimum 90 m within the busy inner Gulf and 1240 m within the quieter outer Gulf. Impact zones increased considerably for dolphins with assumed detection thresholds equal to ambient sound pressures. These findings show that the sound emanating from both recreational and commercial vessels within the Hauraki Gulf will be significantly raising background sound levels and is likely to have a wide-ranging masking impact on marine life. These findings have significance for embayments worldwide for which vessel activity is a common feature. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：随着水下声级由于船舶活动的增加而上升，迫切需要更好地了解可能对声学敏感的海洋生物产生掩蔽影响的潜在距离，特别是在运输活动的掩护中。考虑到已知的有害噪声对海洋环境的影响，管理水下噪声污染已被确定为紧迫的保护问题。因此，对豪拉基湾海洋公园内一系列船只的基线水下噪声进行了测量，这是新西兰一个大型的具有生态意义的隔离物（120万公顷），用于估计探测距离，在探测距离上海豚，鱼类可能被掩盖和甲壳类动物。声压测量和记录的船只噪声的倍频程分析表明，在海豚和鱼类的最高阈值约高30 dB的声源水平下，低于5 kHz的能量很大。据估计，在源头处可测量到的至少5 kHz以下的背景声音电平至少增加了54 +/- 5.8 dB（平均+/- SD），从而在繁忙的内海湾内至少90 m内和在内部海湾内的1240 m内具有掩蔽效果。墨西哥湾外围较安静。假定检测阈值等于环境声压的海豚，撞击区显着增加。这些发现表明，豪拉基湾内的娱乐和商业船只发出的声音将大大提高背景声级，并可能对海洋生物产生广泛的掩盖影响。这些发现对于全球范围内以船只活动为常见特征的诱集具有重要意义。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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