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Socioeconomic impacts of marine protected areas in the Mediterranean and Black Seas

机译：地中海和黑海海洋保护区的社会经济影响

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摘要

The socioeconomic implications of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and perceptions of stakeholders on MPA impacts are important to consider when designing, implementing, and managing MPAs. However, the currently available knowledge about these areas and especially of stakeholder perceptions is scarce and limited to restricted geographic areas. The present study aims to address this gap by examining these factors in the Mediterranean and Black Seas using an extensive literature review and an online survey approach. We collated and examined a total of 208 published studies on socioeconomic impacts of MPAs and marine uses. We found that for fishing, the socioeconomic impacts of MPAs were generally perceived as negative for industrial fishing and positive for artisanal fishing. In the online survey, we collected ca. 100 responses and found that stakeholder perceptions on the impacts of MPAs differ across sectors and regions. Industrial fishing was perceived as being negatively impacted in the Black Sea, while most respondents from the Mediterranean Sea were neutral in their responses relating industrial fishing and MPAs. The impact of MPAs on artisanal and recreational fishing was generally viewed as neutral by respondents from the Black Sea, whereas most Mediterranean respondents indicated a positive impact of MPAs. We also found that perceptions of the major threats to MPAs differed across the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Responses from the Black Sea were systematically shifted towards a more negative perception of threats to MPAs compared to those from the Mediterranean Sea. Illegal fishing and other illegal activities were considered to be the most relevant threats to MPAs by stakeholders in both regions. The mismatch found between evidence of MPA effectiveness and impacts from the scientific literature and the results of our survey suggests that within the framework of maritime spatial planning and ecosystem-based management, effective MPA planning should be informed by multiple sources across regions. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：在设计，实施和管理MPA时，必须考虑到海洋保护区（MPA）的社会经济影响以及利益相关者对MPA影响的认识。但是，关于这些区域，尤其是利益相关者的看法的当前可用知识很少，并且仅限于有限的地理区域。本研究旨在通过使用广泛的文献综述和在线调查方法来研究地中海和黑海中的这些因素，以解决这一差距。我们整理并审查了208篇有关MPA和海洋用途的社会经济影响的已发表研究。我们发现，对于捕捞而言，MPA的社会经济影响通常被认为对工业捕捞不利，对手工捕捞有利。在在线调查中，我们收集了大约100次回复，发现利益相关者对MPA的影响的认识在各个部门和地区之间是不同的。人们认为工业捕捞在黑海受到了负面影响，而来自地中海的大多数答复者对工业捕捞和海洋保护区的反应持中立态度。黑海的答复者普遍认为，海洋保护区对手工和休闲捕鱼的影响是中性的，而大多数地中海地区的答复者则表示海洋保护区的积极影响。我们还发现，地中海和黑海对MPA的主要威胁的认识不同。与地中海相比，黑海的反应已系统地转向对MPA威胁的负面评价。两个地区的利益攸关方都认为非法捕鱼和其他非法活动是对海洋保护区最相关的威胁。在MPA有效性的证据与科学文献的影响之间发现的不匹配，我们的调查结果表明，在海洋空间规划和基于生态系统的管理的框架内，有效的MPA规划应通过跨地区的多种来源提供。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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  • 来源
    《Ocean & coastal management》 |2016年第12期|1-10|共10页
  • 作者

    Pascual Marta; Rossetto Marisa; Ojea Elena; Milchakova Nataliya; Giakoumi Sylvaine; Kark Salit; Korolesova Darya; Melia Paco;

  • 作者单位

    BC3, Edificio Sede 1 Planta 1 Parque Cient UPV EHU, Leioa 48940, Bizkaia, Spain|Ikerbasque Fdn, Bilbao, Spain|Univ Queensland, ARC Ctr Excellence Environm Decis CEED, Sch Biol Sci, Biodivers Res Grp, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia|Univ Queensland, NESP Threatened Species Hub, Ctr Biodivers & Conservat Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia;

    Politecn Milan, Dipartimento Elettron Informaz & Bioingn, Via Ponzio 34-5, I-20133 Milan, Italy|CONISMA Consorzio Nazl Interuniv Sci Mare, Piazzale Flaminio 9, I-00196 Rome, Italy;

    BC3, Edificio Sede 1 Planta 1 Parque Cient UPV EHU, Leioa 48940, Bizkaia, Spain;

    RAS, IMBR, AO Kovalevsky Inst Marine Biol Res, FSIS Fed Agcy Sci Org Russian Federat, 2 Nakhimov Ave, Sevastopol 299011, Russia;

    Univ Queensland, ARC Ctr Excellence Environm Decis CEED, Sch Biol Sci, Biodivers Res Grp, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia|Univ Queensland, NESP Threatened Species Hub, Ctr Biodivers & Conservat Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia|Hellen Ctr Marine Res, Inst Marine Biol Resources & Inland Waters, Ag Kosmas, Greece|Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, FRE ECOMERS 3729, Parc Valrose 28,Ave Valrose, F-06108 Nice, France;

    Univ Queensland, ARC Ctr Excellence Environm Decis CEED, Sch Biol Sci, Biodivers Res Grp, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia|Univ Queensland, NESP Threatened Species Hub, Ctr Biodivers & Conservat Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia;

    Black Sea Biosphere Reserve, 1 Lermontova St, UA-75600 Gola Pristan, Ukraine;

    Politecn Milan, Dipartimento Elettron Informaz & Bioingn, Via Ponzio 34-5, I-20133 Milan, Italy|CONISMA Consorzio Nazl Interuniv Sci Mare, Piazzale Flaminio 9, I-00196 Rome, Italy;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Impact assessment; Marine Protected Areas (MPAs); Mediterranean Sea; Black Sea; Social perceptions;

    机译：影响评估;海洋保护区（MPA）;地中海;黑海;社会认知;

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